| RSS | Received Signal Strength |
| APs | Access Points |
| RPs | Reference Points |
| KPCA | Kernel Principal Component Analysis |
| APC | Affine Propagation Clustering |
| ML | Maximum Likelihood |
| LBSs | Location-Based Services |
| 5G | the Fifth Generation Mobile Communication System |
| WLAN | Wireless Local Area Network |
| GPS | Global Position System |
| IR | Infrared |
| US | Ultrasound |
| RFID | Radio Frequency Identification |
| TOA | Time-Of-Arrival |
| AOA | Angle-Of-Arrival |
| KNN | K-Nearest-Neighbor |
| WKNN | Weighted K-Nearest Neighbor |
| PCA | Principal Component Analysis |
| CDF | Cumulative Distribution Function |