Table 2.
Use of Institutional Delivery care as a function of antenatal depressive symptoms
| Variables | Odds of Institutional delivery (vs. home) (n = 1251) | Odds of unplanned Institutional delivery (vs. Planned)(n = 783) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cOR, 95% CI) | (aOR, 95% CI) | (cOR, 95% CI) | (aOR, 95% CI) | |
| Depressive Symptoms: PHQ9 ≥ 5 | 1.09 (0.85, 1.41) | 1.42 (1.06, 1.92)* | 1.57 (1.10, 2.35)* | 1.62 (1.09, 2.42)* |
| Access to Health Facility | 1.16 (1.10, 1.22)** | 1.10 (1.04, 1.16)* | 0.97 (0.90, 1.04) | 0.99 (0.91, 1.07) |
| Marital Status: Single | 0.77 (0.28, 2.07) | 0.70 (0.24, 2.06) | 0.45 (0.06, 3.60) | 0.37 (0.04, 3.10) |
| Residence: Rural | 0.13 (0.06, 0.27)** | 0.39 (0.18, 0.89)* | 1.02 (0.60, 1.72) | 0.78 (0.39 1.56) |
| Household Income: | ||||
| Low | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Medium | 1.13 (0.85, 1.49) | 0.89 (0.65, 1.20) | 1.44 (0.95, 2.19) | 1.67 (1.07, 2.60)* |
| High | 1.31 (0.99, 1.73) | 1.05 (0.77, 1.45) | 1.03 (0.68, 1.58) | 1.37 (0.86, 2.18) |
| Educ. Level: | ||||
| Illiterate | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Primary Schooling | 2.25 (1.71, 2.95)** | 1.51 (1.10, 2.08)* | 0.70 (0.48, 1.02) | 0.65 (0.41, 1.01) |
| ≥ Secondary | 19.01 (4.59, 78.71** | 3.99 (0.87, 18.27) | 0.73 (0.34, 1.55) | 0.57 (0.22, 1.51) |
| Intimate Partner violence | 0.97 (0.94, 1.01) | 0.97 (0.93, 1.02) | 0.98 (0.92, 1.04) | 0.95 (0.89, 1.02) |
| Social Support | 1.01 (0.95, 1.07) | 0.95 (0.88, 1.01) | 0.90 (0.83, 0.98)* | 0.93 (0.85, 1.02) |
| Institutional Delivery of previous baby: Yes | 3.62 (2.30, 5.68)** | 2.21 (1.36, 3.58)* | 1.15 (0.93, 1.43) | 1.39 (0.85, 2.26) |
| Birth Preparedness | 1.5(1.32, 1.56)** | 1.32 (1.20, 1.46)** | 0.81 (0.72, 0.92)* | 0.81 (0.71, 0.93)* |
| Parity (Birth Order) | 0.83 (0.79, 0.88)** | 0.90 (0.84, 0.97)* | 1.00 (0.92, 1.08) | 0.93 (0.83, 1.03) |
| Pregnancy Intention: | ||||
| Wanted | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Mistimed | 0.62 (0.40, 0.96)* | 0.70 (0.44, 1.11) | 0.86 (0.42, 1.77) | 0.87 (0.41, 1.83) |
| Unwanted | 0.64 (0.51, 0.82)** | 0.84 (0.64, 1.11) | 1.03 (0.71, 1.48) | 0.95 (0.63 1.43) |
| Symptoms of Pregnancy Comp.: ≥1 | 0.88 (0.70, 1.11) | 0.88 (0.68, 1.15) | 1.16 (0.83, 1.64) | 1.01 (0.69, 1.47) |
| Comorbid medical conditions: ≥1 | 1.32 (1.04, 1.67)* | 1.23 (0.95, 1.59) | 0.99 (0.70, 1.39) | 0.96 (0.67, 1.38) |
*significant at <0.05, **significant at <0.001
Access to health care facility score: minimum = 5; Maximum = 15; Mean = 11.98; SD = 2.40
Birth Preparedness score: Minimum = 0; Maximum = 4; Mean = 1.61; SD = 1.42
Intimate Partner violence score: minimum = 9; Maximum = 16; Mean = 2.14; SD = 2.88
Social support score: minimum = 3; Maximum = 14; Mean = 10.68; SD = 2.00
Parity score: minimum = 0; Maximum = 12; Mean = 2.74; SD = 2.09