TABLE 1.

Oligonucleotides used for PCR amplification of ESBL genes

Primer type and gene family	Sequencea	Annealing temp (°C)	Reference or source	PCR product size (kb)
Screening primers
16S	For: 5′-CCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCA-3′	42	32	0.4
	Rev: 5′-AGGCCCGGGAACGTATTCAC-3′
TEM	For: 5′-TCAACATTTCCGTGTCG-3′	42	This study	0.86
	Rev: 5′-CTGACAGTTACCAATGCTTA-3′
SHV	For: 5′-ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTG-3′	47	This study	0.78
	Rev: 5′-AGATAAATCACCACAATGCGC-3′
CTX-M	For: 5′-RGMAGYGYRMCGCTKYATGCSC-3′	55	This study	0.73
	Rev: 5′-ARTARGTSACCAGAAYVAGCGG-3′
IBC	For: 5′-GGGCGTACAAAGATAATTTCC-3′	47	This study	0.94
	Rev: 5′-GAAGCAACGTCGGCTTGAACG-3′
VEB	For: 5′-ACGGTAATTTAACCAGATAGG-3′	46	This study	0.97
	Rev: 5′-ACCCGCCATTGCCTATGAGCC-3′
SFO	For: 5′-GTTAATCCATTTTATGTGAGG-3′	44	This study	0.94
	Rev: 5′-CAGATACGCGGTGCATATCCC-3′
PER	For: 5′-ATGAATGTCATTATAAAAGC-3′	42	39	0.93
	Rev: 5′-AATTTGGGCTTAGGGCAGAA-3′
OXA-4	For: 5′-ACACAATACATATCAACTTCGC-3′	42	34	0.81
	Rev: 5′-AGTGTGTTTAGAATGGTGATC-3′
CTX-M	For: 5′-CGYTTTSCIATGTGCAG-3′	54	This study	0.55
	Rev: 5′-ACCGCRATATCRTTGGT-3′
OXA-3	For: 5′-TTCAAGCCAAAGGCACGATAG-3′	42	34	0.7
	Rev: 5′-TTCGAGTTGACTGCCGGGTTG-3′
Full gene amplification and     sequencing primers
TEM	For: 5′-KACAATAACCCTGRTAAATGC-3′	42	This study	0.94
	Rev: 5′-AGTATATATGAGTAAACTTGG-3′
SHV	For: 5′-TTTATCGGCCYTCACTCAAGG-3′	50	This study	0.93
	Rev: 5′-GCTGCGGGCCGGATAACG-3′

^aFor, forward primer; Rev, reverse primer. R, A or G; M, A or C; Y, C or T; K, G or T; S, G or C; I, Inosin.