Figure 5.
The ratio of TNFα/IL10 and IL10/IL12 in human milk ratios per geographical location. ETU, urban Ethiopia; GBR, rural Gambia; GBU, urban Gambia; GN, Ghana; KE, Kenya; PE, Peru; SP, Spain; SW, Sweden; USC, USA/California; USW, USA/Washington. Letters on top of each bar indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) on pairwise post hoc comparisons for each group (Kruskal–Wallis, Nemenyi post hoc test).