Table. 1.
Clinical characteristics of control and diabetic subjects involved in the circadian study.
| Subject # | Gender | Age | Diabetes duration | HbA1C | CVD | Retinopathy | Medications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetic 1 | Female | 67 | T2D 4 months | 7.5 | No | No | Glucophage |
| Diabetic 2 | Female | 65 | T2D 20 years | 8.8 | No | No | Lantus |
| Diabetic 3 | Male | 76 | T2D | 7.4 | No | No | Glucophage |
| Diabetic 4 | Female | 64 | T2D | 6.3 | No | No | Actos |
| Diabetic 5 | Female | 67 | T2D | 6.4 | No | No | Glucophage |
| Diabetic 6 | Female | 68 | T2D 9 years | 6.8 | No | No | Diabeta |
| Diabetic 7 | Female | 48 | T2D years | 6.0 | No | No | Metformin |
| Diabetic 8 | Female | 59 | T2D 10 years | 7.7 | No | No | Humulin |
| Control 1 | Female | 43 | No | No | |||
| Control 2 | Female | 57 | No | No | |||
| Control 3 | Female | 68 | No | No | |||
| Control 4 | Male | 43 | No | No |
Inclusion criteria: Individuals between the ages of 21 and 65 years were eligible to participate.
Exclusion criteria: Subjects were excluded for the following reasons: a) evidence of ongoing acute or chronic infection (HIV, Hepatitis B or C, or tuberculosis); b) ongoing malignancy; c) cerebral vascular accident or cerebral vascular procedure; d) current pregnancy; e) history of organ transplantation; f) presence of a graft; g) uremic symptoms, such as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 20 cc/min (by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation), or an albumin of less than 3.6 (to avoid malnutrition as a confounding variable); h) a history of smoking; and i) anemia.