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. 2005 Feb;12(2):296–303. doi: 10.1128/CDLI.12.2.296-303.2005

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

Preoperative (pre) and postoperative (post) cytokine production in whole blood after LPS stimulation. Whole-blood TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 production levels after LPS stimulation in patients with overall attenuated (n = 18) (A), mixed (n = 20) (B), and overall enhanced (n = 10) (C) alteration patterns of cytokine responses after trauma are shown. Individual lines represent individual preoperative and postoperative values. % pre, percentage of the preoperatively determined cytokine production after LPS stimulation. (D) Postoperative cytokine production levels as percentages of preoperative levels from patients with overall enhanced (white bars), mixed (grey bars), and overall attenuated (striped bars) alteration patterns in blood cytokine production after LPS stimulation. Data represent median cytokine production levels (error bars represent the range between the 25th and 75th percentiles). A comparison of cytokine production levels between groups showed significant differences for all three cytokines (P < 0.01, KWH). Differences were localized by using MWU. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01.