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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Int J Radiat Biol. 2017 Mar 28;93(7):665–675. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1304592

The radiation response modifying effects of 5 mM metformin administered for 30 min followed by a 30 min exposure to 10 mM of the free radical scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) or 50 μM of the free radical generating drug Emodin are contrasted to those exerted by a 1 h exposure to the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor Rotenone (1 μM) using p53 WT SA-NH and p53 Mut FSa. Surviving fractions were compared to corresponding radiation only treated cells. Each experiment was repeated three times and error bars represent the SEM. P values comparing radiation with metformin plus NAC, metformin plus Emodin, and Rotenone to that of radiation only are presented for comparison.

The radiation response modifying effects of 5 mM metformin administered for 30 min followed by a 30 min exposure to 10 mM of the free radical scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) or 50 μM of the free radical generating drug Emodin are contrasted to those exerted by a 1 h exposure to the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor Rotenone (1 μM) using p53 WT SA-NH and p53 Mut FSa. Surviving fractions were compared to corresponding radiation only treated cells. Each experiment was repeated three times and error bars represent the SEM. P values comparing radiation with metformin plus NAC, metformin plus Emodin, and Rotenone to that of radiation only are presented for comparison.