Table 1.
Survey adjusted individual and gender stratified prevalence estimates for the human infections under study
| Infection | Adjusted prevalence (%, 95% CI) |
Male (%) | Female (%) | p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal parasites | ||||
| Balantidium coli | 0.02 (0–0. 1) | - | - | - |
| Fasciola spp. | 0.04 (0–0. 1) | - | - | - |
| Entamoeba hartmanni | 0.1 (0–0.2) | - | - | - |
| Endolimax nana | 0.1 (0–0.2) | - | - | - |
| Hymenolepis spp. | 0.2 (0–0.3) | - | - | - |
| Taenia spp. (eggs) | 0.3 (0–0.5) | - | - | - |
| Blastocystis hominis | 0.6 (0.1–1.1) | - | - | - |
| Cryptosporidium spp. | 0.6 (0.2–1.0) | - | - | - |
| Strongyloides stercoralis | 2.9 (2.1–3.8) | 3.9 | 2.1 | 0.023 |
| Giardia spp. | 3.2 (2.3–4.0) | 4.0 | 2.5 | 0.09 |
| Taenia solium (HP10-ELISA) | 5.8 (4.4–7.2) | 4.6 | 7.0 | 0.04 |
| Schistosoma mansoni | 5.9 (3.7–8.1) | 7.2 | 4.8 | 0.009 |
| Trichuris trichiura | 10.0 (8.2–11.7) | 7.6 | 12.0 | 0.002 |
| Ascaris lumbricoides | 10.4 (8.1–12.7) | 9.7 | 11.1 | 0.33 |
| Iodamoeba butschlii | 14.2 (12.4–16.0) | 13.4 | 15.0 | 0.42 |
| Taenia spp. (Copro-ELISA) | 19.7 (16.7–22.7) | 20.7 | 18.8 | 0.29 |
| Entamoeba histolytica/dispar | 30.1 (27.5–32.8) | 27.5 | 32.5 | 0.046 |
| Hookworm | 36.3 (32.8–39.9) | 39.4 | 33.6 | 0.01 |
| Haemoparasites | ||||
| Plasmodium falciparum | 29.4 (26.8–32.0 | 32.1 | 27.0 | 0.02 |
| Bacterial infections | ||||
| Brucella spp. | 0.6 (0.2–0.9) | - | - | - |
| Coxiella burnetii | 2.2 (1.5–2.9) | 2.5 | 1.9 | 0.32 |
| Mycobacterium spp. | 8.2 (6.8–9.6) | 7.8 | 8.5 | 0.64 |
| Viral infections | ||||
| Rift Valley fever virus | 0.5 (0.2–0.8) | - | - | - |
| HIV | 5.3 (4.2–6.3) | 2.9 | 7.3 | <0.001 |
aBased on Wald Test with adjustment for survey design. Very rare outcomes not assessed