Table 3.
Bivariate Analysis of Variables Associated With Hospital-Related Disenrollment.
| Predictor Variables | Hospitalized (%) | Not Hospitalized (%) | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | |||
| 86+ | 1916 (4.4) | 41 512 (95.6) | 1 |
| 76–85 | 2092 (5.4) | 36 705 (94.6) | 1.23 (1.16–1.32) |
| 66–75 | 1595 (6.8) | 22 049 (93.2) | 1.57 (1.46–1.68) |
| 56–65 | 582 (8.5) | 6265 (91.5) | 2.01 (1.83–2.22) |
| 18–55 | 265 (11.1) | 2122 (88.9) | 2.71 (2.36–3.10) |
| Gender | |||
| Women | 3743 (5.6) | 63 662 (94.4) | 1 |
| Men | 2707 (5.7) | 44 991 (94.3) | 1.02 (0.97–1.08) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| White | 4722 (4.8) | 93 193 (95.2) | 1 |
| Black | 1344 (12) | 9869 (88) | 2.69 (2.52–2.87) |
| Other | 384 (6.4) | 5591 (93.6) | 1.36 (1.22–1.51) |
| Region | |||
| Midwest | 909 (4.1) | 21 429 (95.9) | 1 |
| West | 1078 (6.3) | 16 034 (93.7) | 1.58 (1.45–1.74) |
| East | 1461 (5) | 27 629 (95) | 1.25 (1.15–1.36) |
| South | 3002 (6.5) | 43 561 (93.5) | 1.62 (1.51–1.75) |
| Hospice diagnosis | |||
| Cancer | 1536 (4) | 36 837 (96) | 1 |
| Noncancer | 4914 (6.4) | 71 816 (93.6) | 1.64 (1.55–1.74) |
| Number of chronic conditionsa | |||
| 0–1 | 664 (1.5) | 43 312 (98.5) | 1 |
| 2 | 1028 (4.5) | 21 825 (95.5) | 3.07 (2.78–3.39) |
| 3 | 1658 (7.4) | 20 883 (92.6) | 5.18 (4.73–5.68) |
| 4+ | 3100 (12.1) | 22 633 (87.9) | 8.93 (8.20–9.73) |
| Median income (by quartiles) | |||
| $39 114 and lower | 2316 (7.5) | 28 496 (92.5) | 1.77 (1.65–1.90) |
| $487 16–$63 709 | 1562 (5.5) | 26 839 (94.5) | 1.26 (1.17-1.37) |
| $48 716–$63 709 | 1357 (4.8) | 26 834 (95.2) | 1.10 (1.02–1.19) |
| $63 710+ | 1215 (4.4) | 26 484 (95.6) | 1 |
| Health services utilization | |||
| Number of hospitalizations 3 months prior to date of enrollment | |||
| 0 | 3336 (4.8) | 66 965 (95.2) | 1 |
| 1 or more | 3114 (7.0) | 41 688 (93) | 1.50 (1.43–1.58) |
| Number of previous hospice enrollments | |||
| 0 | 5609 (5.3) | 101 071 (94.7) | 1 |
| 1 | 701 (9.3) | 6809 (90.7) | 1.86 (1.71–2.01) |
| 2 or more | 140 (15.3) | 773 (84.7) | 3.26 (2.72–3.92) |
| Hospice length of stay | 0.99 (0.99–0.99) | ||
| Hospice utilization | |||
| Continuous home care | |||
| Yes | 162 (2.1) | 7392 (97.9) | 0.35 (0.30–0.41) |
| No | 6288 (5.9) | 101 261 (94.1) | 1 |
| Inpatient hospice care | |||
| Yes | 467 (3.3) | 13 576 (96.7) | 0.55 (0.50–0.60) |
| No | 5983 (5.9) | 95 077 (94.1) | 1 |
| Respite care | |||
| Yes | 410 (4.6) | 8538 (95.4) | 0.80 (0.72–0.88) |
| No | 6040 (5.7) | 100 115 (94.3) | 1 |
| Average nursing visits per week | |||
| <1 | 659 (6.4) | 9654 (93.6) | 1 |
| 1 to <2 | 2860 (6.3) | 42 596 (93.7) | 0.98 (0.90–1.07) |
| 2 to <3 | 1762 (6.2) | 26 868 (93.8) | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) |
| 3 to <4 | 549 (4.4) | 11 874 (95.6) | 0.68 (0.60–0.76) |
| 4 to <5 | 263 (3.8) | 6736 (96.2) | 0.57 (0.49–0.66) |
| 5+ | 357 (3.2) | 10 925 (96.8) | 0.48 (0.42–0.55) |
| <3 | 5281 (6.3) | 79 118 (93.7) | 1 |
| 3 to <4 | 549 (4.4) | 11 874 (95.6) | 0.69 (0.63–0.76) |
| 4 to <5 | 263 (3.8) | 6736 (96.2) | 0.58 (0.52–0.66) |
| 5+ | 357 (3.2) | 10 925 (96.8) | 0.49 (0.44–0.55) |
Abbreviations: OD, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
a
Heart disease, lung disease, renal disease, dementia disorders, stroke/TIA, diabetes, depression, history of hip fracture.