Table 4.

Multivariate analyses of self-reported barriers

Independent variables	Feeling embarrassed		Fear of finding cancer		Lack of knowledge		Forgetting to schedule appointment
	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value
Race/ethnicity
White	1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)
Black	0.91 (0.52-1.57)	0.729	1.43 (0.88–2.32)	0.145	2.06 (1.15–3.68)	0.015	0.66 (0.37–1.23)	0.194
Hispanic	1.45 (0.88–2.38	0.147	1.56 (1.00-2.43)	0.048	1.99 (1.16–3.44)	0.013	0.66 (0.38–1.14)	0.136
Marital status
Married	1.0 (ref)						1.0 (ref)
Single	0.66 (0.43–1.03)	0.069	0.88 (0.59–1.33)	0.559	0.91 (0.57–1.45)	0.693	0.91 (0.55–1.51)	0.723
Education
High school diploma or less	1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)
Some college	1.35 (0.74–2.46)	0.335	0 0.99 (0.58–1.69)	0.975	1.50 (0.81–2.80)	0.194	0.95 (0.48–1.87)	0.878
College graduate or more	3.81 9 (0.85–16.98)	0.080	0 0.57 (0.17–1.88)	0.359	1.38 (0.32–5.90)	0.660	1.44 (0.33–6.34)	0.630
Age
18–29 years	1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)
30–49 years	0.88 (0.56–1.49)	0.641	0.73 (0.45–1.18)	0.199	0 0.82 (0.49–1.38)	0.452	0.82 (0.47–1.44)	0.492
50 and older	0.90 (0.49–1.61)	0.712	0.54 (0.32–0.93)	0.026	0 0.55 (0.29–1.02)	0.056	0.51 (0.26-1.00)	0.052
Previous cervical cancer screening
Yes	1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)
No	0.39 (0.22–0.72)	0.002	0.95 (0.55–1.64)	0.858	0 0.66 (0.35–1.25)	0.205	0.38 (0.21–0.72)	0.003

Independent variables	Male physicians		Transportation		Language barriers
	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value
Race/ethnicity
White	1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)
Black	0.76 (0.44–1.35)	0.361	1.30 (0.70–2.43)	0.393	0.34 (0.14–0.84)	0.020
Hispanic	2.16 (1.32–3.55)	0.002	1.00 (0.56–1.79)	0.393	4.72 (2.62–8.50)	0.000
Marital Status
Married	1.0 (ref)				1.0 (ref)
Single	0.74 (0.49–1.15)	0.188	0 0.71 (0.43–1.18)	0.186	0.59 (0.36–0.96)	0.035
Education
High school diploma or less	1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)
Some college	1.44 (0.79–2.62)	0.233	0 0.92 (0.46–1.87)	0.836	0.77 (0.33–1.78)	0.539
College graduate or more	2.22 (0.56–8.89)	0.259	0 0.27 (0.03–2.31)	0.234	0.97 (0.16–5.81)	0.978
Age
18–29 years	1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)
30–49 years	0.75 (0.46–1.25)	0.274	1.09 (0.59-2.00)	0.776	1.22 (0.64–2.34)	0.545
50 and older	0.63 (0.35–1.13)	0.121	0 0.97 (9 0.49-1.94)	0.950	1.22 (0.59–2.50)	0.580
Previous cervical cancer screening
Yes	1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)		1.0 (ref)
No	0.71 (0.39–1.29)	0.258	0 0.42 (0.22–0.79)	0.008	1.11 (0.50–2.47)	0.798