Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of melanoma cases in Hispanic men by stage, California, Texas, and Florida, 1996–2012.
| California | Texas | Florida | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early (N = 2260) | P value | Late (N = 712) | Early (N = 3927) | P-value | Late (N = 1086) | Early (N = 3710) | P value | Late (N = 805) | |
| Number (%) | Number (%) | Number (%) | Number (%) | Number (%) | Number (%) | ||||
| Demographic variables | |||||||||
| Age at diagnosis (mean ± SD) | 59.3 ± 17.2 | 0.0175 | 57.5 ± 18 | 60.6 ± 15.1 | 0.1554 | 59.9 ± 16.2 | 65.2 ± 26.4 | 0.0286 | 63.1 ± 16.4 |
| Age group | |||||||||
| 18–34 | 182 (8.1) | 0.1876 | 68 (9.6) | 207 (5.3) | 0.0153 | 75 (6.9) | 116 (3.1) | 0.0282 | 38 (4.7) |
| 35–49 | 480 (21.2) | 168 (23.6) | 716 (18.2) | 223 (20.5) | 502 (13.5) | 122 (15.2) | |||
| 50–64 | 630 (27.9) | 2192 (27.0) | 1338 (34.1) | 327 (30.1) | 1002 (27) | 226 (28.1) | |||
| 65 and older | 954 (42.2) | 274 (38.5) | 1667 (42.5) | 461 (42.5) | 2081 (56.1) | 414 (51.4) | |||
| Missing | 14 (0.6) | 10 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (0.2) | 5 (0.6) | |||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||
| White | 2112 (93.5) | <0.0001 | 702 (98.6) | 2515 (64.0) | <0.0001 | 820 (75.5) | 1297 (35) | <0.0001 | 514 (63.9) |
| Black | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.3) | 68 (1.7) | 79 (7.3) | 121 (3.3) | 104 (12.9) | |||
| Other | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 100 (2.6) | 56 (5.2) | 197 (5.3) | 60 (7.5) | |||
| Unknown | 146 (6.5) | 8 (1.1) | 1244 (31.7) | 131 (12.1) | 2095 (56.5) | 127 (15.8) | |||
| Primary payer at diagnosis | |||||||||
| No insurance | 95 (4.2) | <0.0001 | 53 (7.4) | 53 (1.4) | <0.0001 | 51 (4.7) | 110 (3.0) | <0.0001 | 63 (7.8) |
| Private insurance | 1236 (54.7) | 298 (41.9) | 258 (6.6) | 106 (9.8) | 1291 (34.8) | 262 (32.6) | |||
| Medicaid | 117 (5.2) | 117 (16.4) | 8 (0.2) | 19 (1.8) | 50 (1.4) | 43 (5.3) | |||
| Medicare | 503 (22.3) | 172 (24.2) | 205 (5.2) | 113 (10.4) | 1218 (32.8) | 272 (33.8) | |||
| Other | 27 (1.2) | 15 (2.1) | 55 (1.4) | 7 (0.6) | 43 (1.2) | 11 (1.4) | |||
| Unknown | 282 (12.5) | 57 (8.0) | 1800 (45.8) | 317 (29.2) | 998 (26.9) | 154 (19.1) | |||
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1548 (39.4) | 473 (43.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Clinical characteristics | |||||||||
| Primary site | |||||||||
| Head and neck | 833 (37) | <0.0001 | 119 (16.7) | 1383 (35.3) | <0.0001 | 245 (22.6) | 1190 (32) | <0.0001 | 161 (20.1) |
| Trunk | 660 (29.2) | 126 (17.7) | 1194 (30.4) | 253 (23.3) | 1257 (33.9) | 198 (24.6) | |||
| Upper extremity | 384 (17.0) | 93 (13.1) | 888 (22.6) | 162 (14.9) | 865 (23.3) | 108 (13.4) | |||
| Lower extremity | 370 (16.4) | 195 (27.4) | 385 (9.8) | 215 (19.8) | 371 (10) | 146 (18.1) | |||
| Overlap | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (0.2) | 4 (0.4) | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | |||
| Unknown | 12 (0.5) | 179 (25.1) | 71 (1.8) | 207 (19.1) | 25 (0.7) | 191 (23.7) | |||
| Tumor thickness | |||||||||
| T0 | 11 (0.5) | <0.0001 | 68 (9.6) | 17 (0.4) | <0.0001 | 13 (1.2) | 19 (0.5) | <0.0001 | 22 (2.7) |
| T1 | 794 (35.1) | 59 (8.3) | 630 (16.0) | 113 (10.4) | 776 (20.9) | 82 (10.2) | |||
| T2 | 274 (12.1) | 65 (9.1) | 40 (1.0) | 13 (1.2) | 115 (3.1) | 21 (2.6) | |||
| T3 | 157 (7.0) | 98 (13.8) | 17 (0.4) | 13 (1.2) | 69 (1.9) | 30 (3.7) | |||
| T4 | 76 (3.4) | 128 (18.0) | 18 (0.5) | 19 (1.8) | 40 (1.1) | 42 (5.2) | |||
| 9.80 mm or larger | 5 (0.2) | 33 (4.6) | 4 (0.1) | 8 (0.7) | 7 (0.2) | 20 (2.5) | |||
| Unknown | 943 (41.7) | 261 (36.7) | 2468 (62.9) | 716 (65.9) | 1496 (40.3) | 263 (32.7) | |||
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 733 (18.7) | 191 (17.6) | 1188 (32) | 325 (40.4) | |||
| Presence of ulceration | |||||||||
| No ulceration present | 1201 (53.1) | <0.0001 | 172 (24.2) | 754 (19.2) | <0.0001 | 48 (4.4) | 1470 (39.6) | <0.0001 | 109 (13.5) |
| Ulceration present | 137 (6.1) | 141 (19.8) | 48 (1.2) | 22 (3.0) | 107 (2.9) | 83 (10.3) | |||
| Not collected, unknown, and missing | 922 (40.8) | 399 (56) | 3125 (79.6) | 1005 (92.6) | 2133 (57.5) | 613 (76.2) | |||
| Lymph node status | |||||||||
| No lymph node metastases | 1368 (60.5) | 116 (16.3) | 947 (24.1) | 48 (4.4) | 2381 (64.2) | 115 (14.3) | |||
| Clinically positive lymph nodes and/or in-transit metastasis | 2 (0.1) | <0.0001 | 184 (25.9) | — | <0.0001 | 59 (5.4) | 1 (0.0) | <0.0001 | 119 (14.8) |
| Information not collected, unknown, and missing | 890 (39.4) | 412 (57.9) | 2980 (75.9) | 979 (90.2) | 1328 (35.8) | 571 (71) | |||
| Reason for no surgery | |||||||||
| Surgery was performed | 2138 (94.6) | <0.0001 | 483 (67.8) | 2320 (59.1) | <0.0001 | 598 (55.1) | 3335 (89.9) | <0.0001 | 577 (71.7) |
| Surgery not performed | 83 (3.7) | 203 (28.5) | 67 (1.7) | 118 (10.9) | 344 (9.3) | 179 (22.2) | |||
| Recommended, not given, refused, unknown if performed, patient died prior to surgery, or surgery contraindicate due to patient risk factors | 30 (1.3) | 10 (1.4) | 16 (0.4) | 21 (2.0) | 15 (0.5) | 8 (1.1) | |||
| Unknown, diagnosed at autopsy, or death certificate only | 9 (0.4) | 8 (1.1) | 822 (20.9) | 240 (22.1) | 16 (0.4) | 41 (5.1) | |||
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 702 (17.9) | 109 (10) | — | — | |||
| Diagnostic confirmation | |||||||||
| Histology, including hematology | 2260 (100.0) | <0.0001 | 683 (95.9) | 3923 (99.9) | <0.0001 | 993 (91.4) | 3704 (99.8) | <0.0001 | 762 (94.7) |
| Other∗∗ and unknown | 0 (0.0) | 29 (4.1) | 4 (0.1) | 93 (8.6) | 6 (0.2) | 43 (5.3) | |||
| Histologic type | |||||||||
| Melanoma NOS | 1199 (53.1) | <0.0001 | 481 (67.6) | 2432 (61.9) | <0.0001 | 722 (66.5) | 2899 (77.9) | <0.0001 | 646 (80.3) |
| Nodular | 125 (5.5) | 128 (18.0) | 89 (2.3) | 66 (6.1) | 97 (2.6) | 66 (8.2) | |||
| Lentigo maligna | 371 (16.4) | 2 (0.3) | 544 (13.9) | 88 (8.1) | 334 (9.0) | 7 (0.9) | |||
| Superficial spreading | 471 (20.8) | 53 (7.4) | 753 (19.2) | 119 (11) | 269 (7.3) | 22 (2.7) | |||
| Acral lentiginous | 94 (4.2) | 48 (6.7) | 56 (1.4) | 53 (4.9) | 50 (1.4) | 27 (3.4) | |||
| Other∗ | — | — | 53 (1.4) | 38 (3.6) | 71 (2.0) | 37 (4.6) | |||
∗∗Other forms of diagnostic confirmation: cytology, microscopically confirmed, but type of specimen unknown, positive lab test or marker study, direct observation, radiography, clinical, and other. ∗Other histologic types with corresponding histology codes: balloon cell melanoma (8722); malignant melanoma regressing (8723); amelanotic melanoma (8730); melanoma in junctional nevus (8740); melanoma in precancerous melanosis (8741); desmoplastic melanoma (8745); mucosal lentiginous melanoma (8746); melan giant pig nevus (8761); epithelioid/spindle cell melanoma (8770); epithelial cell melanoma (8771); spindle cell melanoma (8772); and blue nevus malignant (8780); P values are applied within each state to compare early and late stage disease.