. 2017 Jan 26;30(8):1124–1134. doi: 10.5713/ajas.16.0677

Table 3.

Effect of heat treatment and serial dilution on physical properties of different concentrations of HPA solutions

Concentration of HPA (mg/mL)	Heat treatment (minutes)	Osmolality (mmol/kg)	Viscosity (m/Pas)	pH	pCO² (mmHg)
150.0	0	216.3^b	1.48	6.23ⁱ	6.40^ef
	30	210.7^b	1.68	6.24ⁱ	9.00^a
	60	226.3^a	1.81	6.26^h	8.90^a
75.0	0	151.7^d	1.30	6.32^g	7.05^d
	30	147.0^d	1.32	6.34^fg	7.55^c
	60	166.3^c	1.31	6.35^ef	8.05^b
37.5	0	78.0^f	1.14	6.36^e	6.30^fg
	30	72.7^fg	1.16	6.33^g	6.80^de
	60	135.7^e	1.34	6.33^g	6.80^de
18.75	0	69.3^gh	1.08	6.51^c	5.55^hi
	30	64.3^hi	1.02	6.44^d	5.75^h
	60	66.33^h	1.23	6.45^d	6.00^gh
9.375	0	60.3ⁱ	1.00	6.65^a	5.20ⁱ
	30	65.3^hi	1.00	6.60^b	5.45^hi
	60	63.7^hi	1.21	6.60^b	5.20ⁱ
SEM		9.19	0.047	0.024	0.225
Main effects
150.0		217.8^a	1.66^a	6.24^d	8.08^a
75.0		155.0^b	1.31^b	6.34^c	7.55^b
37.5		95.4^c	1.30^b	6.34^c	6.63^c
18.75		66.7^d	1.11^c	6.46^b	5.73^d
9.375		63.1^e	1.10^c	6.61^a	5.30^e
	0	115.1^b	1.25	6.41^a	6.10^b
	30	112.0^c	1.23	6.40^b	6.91^a
	60	131.7^a	1.38	6.39^c	6.96^a
p-values
Concentration of HPA		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Heat treatment		<0.001	0.071	<0.001	<0.001
Concentration of HPA×heat treatment		<0.001	0.471	<0.001	<0.001

HPA, Hamlet Protein AviStart; SEM, standard error of mean.

^a–i

Mean values in same column not sharing a superscript are significantly different (p<0.05).