Coffee induced expression of the miR-30c and miR-96 genes in Caco-2 cells. Caco-2 cells were treated with 5% coffee for the indicated times and the expression of (A) miR-30c, (B) miR-96 and (C) KRAS mRNA were analyzed by qPCR. (D) Cells were treated with 0–5% coffee extracts for 3 h, and the expression levels of miR-30c and miR-96 were measured by qPCR. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 vs. 0 h (n=3). miR, microRNA; KRAS, KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase; qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction.