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Photosynthetic pigments and α-tocopherol in the lichenized and the isolated alga. Transition to lichenization results in down-regulation of chlorophyll, but up-regulation of xanthophylls involved in nonphotosynthetic quenching of light energy and of the antioxidant α-tocopherol. chl, chlorophyll; β-C, β-carotene; V, violaxanthin; L, lutein; N, neoxanthin; α-T, α-tocopherol. Data represent mean ± SE (n = 5–10).
