Figure 1.

Effects of the combined treatment with SU and NaBu on the growth of human renal cancer cell lines. (A) Cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of SU, NaBu or both for 7 days and cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, vs. the DMSO-treated control group using the Tukey-Kramer's test. ⁺P<0.05, ^‡P<0.01 significant differences among the indicated groups following the Tukey-Kramer's test. (B) Effects of the combined treatment with SU and NaBu on the HIF-α target; VEGF expression was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis in Caki-1 cells over the course of 48 h. All data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation following three independent experiments. SU, sunitinib; NaBu, sodium butyrate; cont, control; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; HIF-α, hypoxia-inducible factor-α.