Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics PLHIV, HIV-Negative COBRA Participants, and Blood Bank Donors
| Baseline Characteristics | PLHIV n = 40 | HIV Negative n = 40 | PLHIV vs HIV Negative |
BBD n = 35 | PLHIV vs BBD | HIV Negative vs BBD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) or Median (IQR) | n (%) or Median (IQR) | P Valuea | n (%) or Median (IQR) | P Valuea | P Valuea | |
| Age (years) | 58.5 (53.5–63.5) | 59.0 (53.0–64.5) | .9 | 58 (52.0–65.0) | .5 | .5 |
| Male sex | 36 (90.0%) | 37 (92.5%) | .7 | 18 (51.4%) | <.001 | <.001 |
| African descent | 5 (12.5%) | 1 (2.5%) | .09 | n.a. | ||
| MSM | 32 (80.0%) | 30 (75.0%) | .8 | n.a. | ||
| CMV | 38 (95.0%) | 31 (77.5%) | .02 | 8 (22.9%) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Alcohol consumption (units/week) |
7.7 (1–9) | 5.6 (1–8) | .3 | n.a. | ||
| Recreational drug-use in past 6 months | 6 (15%) | 13 (33%) | .1 | n.a. | ||
| Smoking status | .3 | |||||
| Never smoked | 12 (30%) | 10 (25%) | n.a. | |||
| Ex-smoker | 15 (37.5%) | 22 (55%) | n.a. | |||
| Current smoker | 13 (32.5%) | 8 (20%) | n.a. | |||
| HBV | 21 (52.5%) | 7 (17.5%) | .001 | n.a. | ||
| Chronic HBV | 3 (7.5%) | 0 (0%) | .07 | n.a. | ||
| HCV | 6 (15%) | 0 (0%) | .01 | 0 (0%) | .02 | n.d. |
| Chronic HCV | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | .3 | n.a | ||
| CD4 counts, cells/µL | 589 (470–800) | 961 (759–1233) | <.001 | n.a. | ||
| CD8 counts, cells/µL | 762 (636–1029) | 488 (364–621) | <.001 | n.a. | ||
| CD4/CD8 ratio | 0.80 (0.61–1.13) | 1.95 (1.33–2.83) | <.001 | n.a. | ||
| CD4 nadir, cells/µL | 180 (60–180) | |||||
| Years since HIV diagnosis | 13.9 (9.1–18.7) | |||||
| Years since start cART | 12.2 (7.9–16.9) | |||||
| Years undetectable plasma HIV RNA (<200 c/mL)b | 8.0 (5.3–10.9) | |||||
| Undetectable CSF HIV RNA (<40 c/mL) | 40 (100%) |
Abbreviations: BBD, blood bank donors; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; CMV, cytomegalovirus; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; MSM, men who have sex with men; n.a., not available; n.d., not determined; PLHIV, persons living with HIV; RNA, ribonucleic acid. Significant P values are depicted in bold.
a P values calculated using Student’s t test, Mann-Whitney U test, or χ2 test or Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test where applicable.
bThe threshold was set at 200 c/mL to exclude incidental viral blips from the period in which plasma viral load was detectable.