Table I.
Key Actors Influencing Implementation and Interviewed Actors. Colombia, 2008–2016
| Actor | Description | Implementation activities |
|---|---|---|
| National government bodies | ||
| Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (hereafter, “Health Ministry”)* | National health ministry, with current name since 2011 emphasizing health issues‡ | Pursued high-level efforts since health matters are decentralized in Colombia;§ diffused and encouraged local implementation practices |
|
| ||
| Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (National Cancer Institute)* | Unit of the Health Ministry | Technical assistance, monitoring |
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| ||
| Procuraduría General de la Nación (National Inspector General)‡ | Ensures government bodies’ compliance with Colombian law. | Focused largely on conflict-related human rights‡ |
| Local government bodies | ||
| Local health departments* | For local governments including Colombia’s 32 departamentos (departments) and major cities; have wide autonomy | Education and enforcement |
|
| ||
| Local police | Enforcement | |
| Health and other nongovernmental organizations | ||
| Liga Colombiana Contra el Cáncer (Colombian League Against Cancer)* | Health nongovernmental organization | Education and highlighting noncompliance |
|
| ||
| Corporate Accountability International* | Watchdog organization; Latin America branch headquartered in Colombia | Monitoring and highlighting noncompliance |
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| ||
| Fundación para la Educación y el Desarollo Social FES* | Social equity organization | Training local health department staff |
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| ||
| Asociación de Bares de Colombia (Asobares; Bar Owners’ Association of Colombia)* | Bar owners’ national trade organization | Education |
| Tobacco companies and third-party allies | ||
| Compañía Colombiana de Tabaco ( Colombian Tobacco Company, Coltabaco) | Purchased by Philip Morris in 2005; Coltabaco and Protabaco controlled over 90% of the market22 | Opposed adoption#,& but did not openly oppose implementation |
|
| ||
| Productora Colombiana de Tabaco (Colombian Tobacco Producer, Protabaco) | Purchased by British American Tobacco in 2011 | Opposed adoption& but did not openly oppose implementation |
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| ||
| Federación Nacional de Comerciantes (Fenalco) | National Merchants’ Federation | Argued for smokefree laws to exclude uncovered terraces |
Agency reached as part of key informant interviews
Calderón L. Interview of Lorena Calderón, tobacco program manager at the Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, by Randy Uang, Bogotá, Colombia. 2014
Hernández B. Interview of Blanca Hernández, former tobacco program manager at Ministerio de la Protección Social no longer working on tobacco, by Randy Uang, Bogotá, Colombia. 2014
Ronderos M. Interview of Margarita Ronderos, professor at Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, by Randy Uang, Bogotá, Colombia. 2014
Rivera Rodríguez DE. Interview of Diana Esperanza Rivera Rodríguez, former public policy director, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, by Randy Uang, Bogotá, Colombia. 2014