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. 2017 Jun 13;114(26):E5167–E5176. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1703623114

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4.

Light-dependent switching and reversibility of Δψm changes in cells expressing the optometabolic constructs. (A) Δψm changes in single HEK293T cells expressing mitoChR2(SSFO) and subjected to the indicated intermittent blue and orange light (irradiance and duration of illumination as indicated) (Left, representative trace; Right, mean rate ± SEM; n = 7 cells per condition). (B) Partial recovery of Δψm in HEK293T cells expressing mitoChR2(SSFO) following a 30-s-long pulse of orange light (as indicated; green trace). Cells expressing mitoChR2(Tr) exhibited no light-dependent change in Δψm (gray trace) (Left, representative trace; Right, mean rate ± SEM; n ≥ 29 per condition). (C) Recovery of Δψm changes in single HEK293T cells expressing mitoChR2 following a 10-s blue light pulse. (C, Left) Representative TMRM fluorescence traces in mitoChR2(Tr) (gray trace) and in mitoChR2(SSFO)-YFP–expressing cells (green trace). Cells expressing mitoChR2(Tr) exhibited no light-dependent change in Δψm (gray trace). (C, Right) Mean F/Fmax changes (±SEM; n ≥ 16 per condition), calculated after blue light photoactivation. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.