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. 2017 Jul 6;13:1744806917716234. doi: 10.1177/1744806917716234

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© The Author(s) 2017

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 1. — Domain structure of Epacs and activation of Epac by cAMP. (a) The regulatory region contains one (for Epac1) or two (for Epac2) cAMP nucleotide binding (cNB) domains and a Dishevelled-Egl-10-Pleckstrin (DEP) domain. The carboxyl-terminal catalytic region consists of a Ras exchange motif (REM), a Ras association (RA) domain, and a CDC25-homology domain (CDC25-HD). (b) Activation of Epac (shown for Epac2). Binding of cAMP exposes CDC25HD domain, thus allowing the activation of Rap.

Epac: exchange protein activated by cAMP; cAMP: cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate; GTP: guanosine triphosphate; GDP: guanosine diphosphate.