TABLE 3.

Adjusted Model of Health Care Utilization and Primary Care Outcomes, a Comparison of the Lowest and Highest Continuity Quartiles

	Lowest Versus Highest (ref) Quartile
	Model 1a	Model 2b	Model 3c
Health care utilization
Acute care encounters, aIRR (95% CI)d
ED visits	1.15 (1.05–1.25)e	1.10 (1.00–1.21)e	1.07 (0.97–1.19)
Hospitalizations	0.99 (0.84–1.17)	0.98 (0.85–1.14)	0.97 (0.84–1.13)
ACSHs	2.66 (1.46–4.86)e	2.89 (1.61–5.19)e	2.74 (1.49–5.03)e
Primary care visits, aIRR (95% CI)
Total	1.06 (1.03–1.10)e	1.06 (1.03–1.09)e	1.01 (0.99–1.03)
Well	0.98 (0.96–0.99)e	0.97 (0.95–0.99)e	0.97 (0.95–0.99)e
Sick	1.15 (1.09–1.21)e	1.16 (1.12–1.21)e	1.08 (1.05–1.11)e
Receipt of preventative services
Immunizations up-to-date, aOR (95% CI)
Routine, through 18 mo	1.06 (0.89–1.26)	0.93 (0.77–1.11)	0.92 (0.77–1.10)
Influenza, second eligible winter	1.07 (0.95–1.20)	1.05 (0.93–1.17)	1.02 (0.91–1.14)
Anemia screening, by 12 mo, aOR (95% CI)f	0.73 (0.54–0.99)e	0.88 (0.68–1.16)	0.85 (0.64–1.13)
Lead screening, by 12 mo, aOR (95% CI)f	0.61 (0.51–0.72)e	0.62 (0.47–0.81)e	0.61 (0.46–0.79)e

^aAdjusted for sex, gestational age, presence of any chronic condition, asthma diagnosis, race, insurance type, neighborhood census data, and propensity score.

^bModel 1 covariates plus clinic site.

^cModel 1 covariates plus clinic site and # of sick visits in first year of life.

^dCenter City practice only.

^eP value < .05

^fMedicaid only.