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. 2017 Jul 3;7:4487. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04836-w

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Total mean MAA concentrations (µg µg dry weight⁻¹) in the different life stages nauplii, copepodid CI-CIV, and copepodid CV to adult of Cyclops abyssorum tatricus from six alpine lakes sampled during the ice-free period of 2010 and 2011. The lakes are ordered from clear to turbid (abbreviations for the lakes are defined in Table 1). Error bars indicate +1 standard deviation. Different letters above the bars indicate a significant difference found with one-way ANOVA all pairwise comparison procedures (Holm-Sidak method, F_5,12 = 11.36, p < 0.001 for nauplii), and Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA on Ranks, all pairwise multiple comparison procedures (Dunn’s method, p < 0.05 for CI-CIV and CV-adult). White bars: clear lakes, blue bars: turbid lakes. Nauplii were not present in all lakes at the time of sampling. Copepodid CI-CIV and CV-adult were not present in Lakes FAS6 and MUT, respectively, at the time of sampling.