Table 2.

Compatibility between diets (adapted from [115]). Reprinted with permission.

	Low-carbohydrate diet	Low-fat/vegetarian/vegan diet	Low-glycemic	Mediterranean diet	Mixed/balanced diet	Paleolithic
Emphasis on	Restriction of refined starches and added sugars	Plant foods direct from nature; avoidance of harmful fats	Restriction of starches, added sugars; high fiber intake	Foods direct from nature; mostly plants; healthful oils, especially monounsaturated	Minimization of highly processed, energy-dense foods; emphasis on wholesome foods in moderate quantities	Minimal intake of processed foods. Maximization of natural plant foods and lean meats
Compatible elements	Limited refined starches, added sugars, processed foods; limited intake of certain fats; emphasis on whole plant foods, with or without lean meats, fish, poultry, seafood
Potential general consistency	Food, not too much, mostly plants. Portion control depending on the quality of foods, because higher quality foods have the tendency to promote satiety with fewer calories. Although neither the low-carbohydrate nor Paleolithic diet need to be ‘mostly plants’, both can be