Table 2.

Patients’ socioeconomic status (primary payer information and median household income by patients’ ZIP Code) and Hospital characteristics (hospital region, type, and bed size).

	2012		2009		2006
	N	Percent	N	Percent	N	Percent
Total	2701	100	3006	100	3453	100
Median Household income by patient Zip Code
Very Low	742	27.8	861	29.2	876	26.0
Low	644	24.1	749	25.4	886	26.3
High	646	24.2	728	24.7	762	22.6
Very High	637	23.9	610	20.7	847	25.1
Primary Payer Information
Private	1337	49.5	1563	52.0	1850	53.6
Medicare/Medicaid	1137	42.1	1169	38.9	1268	36.7
Self/No insurance	227	8.4	273	9.1	336	9.7
Hospital Region
Northeast	409	15.1	425	14.2	435	12.6
Midwest	561	20.8	638	21.2	799	23.1
West	1129	41.8	1218	40.5	1468	42.5
South	601	22.3	724	24.1	751	21.7
Hospital Type
Urban Teaching	2101	77.8	1835	69.9	2257	67.3
Urban nonteaching	465	17.2	417	22.7	848	25.3
Rural	135	5.0	31	7.4	251	7.5
Hospital Size
Large	1763	65.3	1553	59.2	1871	55.8
Medium	667	24.7	769	29.3	997	29.7
Small	271	10.0	303	11.5	488	14.5