Table 1.
Population characteristics of HIV-infected patients on second line ART in two urban HIV clinics in Lilongwe, Malawi
| Characteristics (Categorical) | N = 376 n (%) |
|---|---|
| Age in years | |
| 15–24 | 27 (7.2) |
| 25–40 | 161 (42.8) |
| > 40 | 188 (50.0) |
| Gender | |
| female | 234 (62.2) |
| male | 142 (37.8) |
| CD4 cell count (cells/mm3) | |
| ≥ 100 | 362 (96.3) |
| < 100 | 12 (3.2) |
| Virological failure (>1000 copies/ml) | |
| yes | 35 (9.3) |
| no | 341 (90.7) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |
| normal | 207 (55.1) |
| underweight | 25 (6.7) |
| overweight/obese | 144 (38.3) |
| Pill count adherence | |
| good (95% - 105%) | 229 (60.9) |
| poor (<95% or >105%) | 147 (39.1) |
| Current boosted protease inhibitor | |
| atazanavir/ritonavir | 372 (98.9) |
| lopinavir/ritonavir | 4 (1.1) |
| Current NRTI backbone | |
| ABC/3TC | 5 (1.3) |
| AZT/3TC | 67 (17.8) |
| TDF/3TC | 303 (80.6) |
| d4T/3TC | 1 (0.3) |
| Reason for ART initiation | |
| WHO clinical stage III/IV | 283 (75.3) |
| CD4 cell count below threshold | 74 (19.7) |
| pregnancy/lactating | 3 (0.8) |
| Total bilirubin level | |
| elevated (>1.3 mg/dL) | 256 (68.1) |
| normal (≤1.3 mg/dL) | 118 (31.4) |
| Characteristics (Continuous) | N = 376 |
| Mean (SD) | |
| age (years) | 40.9 (10.1) |
| CD4 cell count (cells/mm3) | 442.6 (245.8) |
| time on ART (months) | 89.9 (34.4) |
| time on second line ART (months) | 41.9 (27.6) |
| time on ATV/r base (months) | 9.1 (1.5) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.7 (5.0) |
| total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 2.2 (1.6) |
| hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.9 (2.1) |
Numbers and proportions may not add up due to missing data