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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 28.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Lett. 2017 Apr 17;399:44–52. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.04.013

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Structure of chimeric antigen receptors (CAR). CARs are composed of a single-chain fragment variable (scFv, containing the heavy chain variable domain (VH) and the light chain variable domain (VL) of a monoclonal antibody attached together via a flexible linker) linked via a spacer sequence to a transmembrane (TM) domain and to the CD3ζ chain (first-generation CARs). Second- and third-generation CARs additionally contain one or two costimulatory domains, respectively. VH, heavy chain variable domain; VL, light chain variable domain; TM, transmembrane domain; co-1, costimulatory domain 1; co-2, costimulatory domain 2.