Table 2.
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | ß | 95% CI | ß | 95% CI | ß | 95% CI | ß | 95% CI |
Family Socioeconomic Status (SES) | ||||||||
Parent < high school degree1 | 0.35** | (0.21, 0.50) | 0.19** | (0.05, 0.32) | 0.60** | (0.28, 0.93) | 0.18** | (0.05, 0.31) |
Parent high school degree1 | 0.29** | (0.15, 0.42) | 0.17** | (0.05, 0.30) | 0.50** | (0.16, 0.84) | 0.17** | (0.04, 0.29) |
Parent some college1 | 0.15* | (0.023, 0.27) | 0.061 | (−0.05, 0.18) | 0.36* | (0.04, 0.68) | 0.056 | (−0.06, 0.17) |
Poor2 | 0.24** | (0.09, 0.39) | 0.15* | (0.01, 0.28) | 0.14* | (0.01, 0.28) | 0.58** | (0.25, 0.91) |
Low income2 | 0.14* | (0.002, 0.28) | 0.09 | (−0.04, 0.21) | 0.09 | (−0.04, 0.21) | 0.40* | (0.06, 0.74) |
Moderate income2 | 0.18** | (0.06, 0.31) | 0.11 | (−0.01, 0.23) | 0.11 | (−0.005, 0.23) | 0.19 | (−0.16, 0.54) |
Child Age and Health | ||||||||
Age in years | 0.07** | (0.06, 0.08) | 0.05** | (0.04, 0.06) | 0.08** | (0.06, 0.10) | 0.070** | (0.05, 0.09) |
Recent cold | 0.58** | (0.49, 0.68) | 0.60** | (0.51, 0.69) | 0.59** | (0.50, 0.68) | 0.59** | (0.50, 0.68) |
Recent flu, pneumonia, ear infection | 0.35** | (0.19, 0.52) | 0.21** | (0.05, 0.36) | 0.21** | (0.05, 0.36) | 0.20** | (0.05, 0.36) |
Recent stomach illness | 0.14 | (−0.01, 0.28) | 0.09 | (−0.05, 0.22) | 0.09 | (−0.06, 0.22) | 0.09 | (−0.05, 0.22) |
BMI z-score | 0.63** | (0.59, 0.66) | 0.63** | (0.59, 0.66) | 0.63** | (0.59, 0.66) | ||
Child Age * Family SES Interactions | ||||||||
Age * Parent < high school degree | −0.04** | (−0.06, −0.01) | ||||||
Age * Parent high school degree | −0.03* | (−0.06, −0.002) | ||||||
Age * Parent some college | −0.03* | (−0.05, −0.001) | ||||||
Age * Poor | −0.04** | (−0.06, −0.01) | ||||||
Age * Low income | −0.03* | (−0.05, −0.001) | ||||||
Age * Moderate income | −0.01 | (−0.03, − 0.02) |
p<0.01,
p<0.05. FPL = Federal Poverty Level. Control variables included in models but not shown for brevity: child gender, child race, parent age, parent gender, parent foreign-born, parent marital status, household size, survey wave dummy variables.
Ref: Parent is a college graduate.
Ref: High family income (income-to-poverty ratio ≥ 4 x FPL).