Table 1.

Molecular sexing markers of 22 snake species with both males and females

Species	Families	Abbreviation	CTNNB1				Accession number	WAC				Accession number	CTNNB1W specific				No. of used snakes
			DNA band patterns	Ta	Size (bp)			DNA band patterns	Ta	Size (bp)			DNA band patterns	Ta	Size (bp)
					Male	Female				Male	Female				Male	Female
Cylindrophis ruffus	Cylindrophiidae	CRU	++	55	750	750	LC076763, LC076764	++	63	1,200	1,200	LC213910, LC213921	−	65			1 male, 1 female
Epicrates maurus	Boidae	EMA	++	55	750	750	LC213019, LC213020	++	63	600	600	LC213911, LC213912	−	65			1 male, 1 female
Xenopeltis unicolor	Xenopeltidae	XUN	++	55	750	750	LC076761, LC076762	++	63	2000	2000	LC213922, LC213923	−	65			2 males, 2 females
Python bivittatus	Pythonidae	PBI	++	55	750	750	LC076765, LC076766	++	63	2000	2000	LC213924, LC213925	−	65			1 male, 1 female
Python regius	Pythonidae	PRE	++	55	750	750	LC213021, LC213022	++	63	2000	2000	LC213926, LC213927	−	65			4 males, 2 females
Acrochordus javanicus	Acrochordidae	AJA	++	55	1,000	1,000	LC213023, LC213024	+++	63	2000	3,500, 1,000	LC213928, LC213929, LC213930	−	65			1 male, 1 female
Daboia siamensis	Viperidae	DSI	+++	55	1,100	1,100, 700	LC076767, LC076768, LC076769	+++	63	1,200	2,200, 1,200	LC213931, LC213933, LC213932	+	63		250	1 male, 1 female
Enhydris enhydris	Homalopsidae	EEN	+++	55	3,000	3,000, 700	LC213904, LC213905, LC213918	+++	63	1,000	1,200, 1,000	LC213934, LC213913, LC213935	+	65		250	2 males, 2 females
Naja kaouthia	Elapidae	NKA	+++	55	1,100	1,100, 700	LC076789, LC076790, LC076791	++	63	1,000	1,000	LC213936, LC213937	+	63		250	1 male, 1 female
Naja siamensis	Elapidae	NSI	+++	55	1,100	1,100, 700	LC076792, LC076793, LC076794	++	63	1,000	1,000	LC213938, LC213939	+	63		250	2 males, 1 female
Ophiophagus hannah	Elapidae	OHA	+++	55	1,200	1,200, 700	LC076795, LC076796, LC076797	++	63	1,000	1,000	LC213940, LC213941	+	63		250	2 males, 1 female
Bungarus candidus	Elapidae	BCA	+++	55	1,100	1,100, 700	LC076798, LC086064, LC086065	++	63	1,000	1,000	LC213942, LC213943	+	63		250	1 male, 1 female
Bungarus flaviceps	Elapidae	BFL	+++	55	1,100	1,100, 700	LC213025, LC213026, LC213027	++	63	1,000	1,000	LC213944, LC213945	+	63		250	1 male, 1 female
Leioheterodon madagascariensis	Lamprophiidae	LMA	+++	55	1,100	1,100, 700	LC213028, LC213029, LC213030	+++	63	1,000	1,000, 800	LC213946, LC213947, LC213948	+	65		250	1 male, 1 female
Oligodon fasciolatus	Colubridae	OFA	+++	55	1,500	1,500, 700	LC076772, LC076773, LC076774	+++	63	1,000	1,200, 1,000	LC213949, LC213914, LC213950	+	65		250	2 males, 1 female
Ahaetulla prasina	Colubridae	APR	+++	55	1,500	1,500, 700	LC076775, LC076776, LC076777	+++	63	2,500	2,500, 800	LC213951, LC213952, LC213915	+	63		250	2 males, 2 females
Boiga dendrophila	Colubridae	BDE	+++	55	1,700	1,700, 700	LC076778, LC076779, LC076780	+++	63	1,000	1,000, 800	LC213953, LC213954, LC213955	+	65		250	2 males, 2 females
Gonyosoma oxycephalum	Colubridae	GOX	+++	55	1,300	1,500, 700	LC076781, LC076782, LC076783	+++	63	2,500	2,500, 1,300	LC213916, LC213917, LC213956	+	63		250	1 male, 1 female
Coelognathus flavolineatus	Colubridae	CFL	+++	55	1,500	2000, 700	LC076784, LC076785, LC076786	+++	63	1,000	1,000, 800	LC213957, LC213958, LC213959	+	63		250	1 male, 1 female
Coelognathus radiatus	Colubridae	CRA	+++	55	2,200	2,200, 700	LC213906, LC213907, LC213919	+++	63	1,000	1,000, 800	LC213960, LC213961, LC213962	+	63		250	3 males, 5 females
Ptyas mucosa	Colubridae	PMU	+++	55	1,500	1,500, 700	LC213908, LC213909, LC213920	+++	63	1,000	1,500, 1,000	LC213963, LC213965, LC213964	+	63		250	2 males, 1 female
Pantherophis guttatus	Colubridae	PGU	+++	55	1,500	1,500, 700	LC213031, LC213032, LC213033	+++	63	1,000	1,000, 800	LC213966, LC213967, LC213968	+	63		250	6 males, 3 females

“−” No DNA band in both male and female.

“+” One DNA band in female only.

“++” One DNA band in both male and female.

“+++” One DNA band in male and two DNA bands in female.