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. 2017 Jul 3;216(7):2179–2199. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201606065

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© 2017 Gu et al.

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Figure 9. — Axonal varicosity initiation can induce antidromic propagation of action potentials. (A) Experimental diagram of recording back-propagating action potentials initiated by puffing. The YFP-expressing neuron over the transmitted-light background was recorded by a patch pipette at the soma. Its axons received mechanical stimuli provided by the puffing pipette. The red arrow indicates the area containing YFP-positive axons shown before (Control; left) and after (Puff; right) puffing. (B) Simultaneous imaging of an axonal segment (top) and whole-cell current-clamp recording (bottom) of a young neuron (7 DIV) before (left) and after (right) puffing. (C) Simultaneous imaging of an axonal segment (top) and whole-cell current-clamp recording (bottom) of a more mature neuron (16 DIV) before (left) and after (right) puffing. Bars: (A) 30 µm; (B and C) 20 µm. (D) Summary of the time to induce action potentials for all neurons (left) and means ± SEM (right). Gray short lines in the left panel indicated the mean time for axonal varicosity initiation. AP, action potential. Error bars indicate means ± SEM.