Table 1.

Comparison of clinical and biochemical parameters following ABM-MNCs treatment

Parameters	Baseline (n = 7)	3 months (n = 7)	6 months (n = 7)	p value
Primary end point achieved	–	4	6	–
Weight (kg)	84.5(67.7–87.3)	82.7(69.6–88.5)	82.3 (70.1–85.3)	0.964
BMI (kg/m2)	29.3 (24.6–30.8)	28.6 (24.9–30.8)	28.6 (25.3–30.9)	0.964
Insulin requirement (IU/day)	76.0 (50.0–92.0)	38.0 (22.0–54.0)	38.0 (22.0–44.0)	0.002*
HbA1c (%) (mmol/mol)	6.8 (6.4–7.5)	6.5 (6.2–6.7)	6.8 (6.6–7.0)	0.102
	51.0 (46.0–58.0)	48.0 (44.0–50.0)	51.0 (49.0–53.0)
FPG (mmol/L)	5.8 (5.0–6.2)	6.6 (5.0–6.76)	6.6 (6.2–6.6)	0.018*
Fasting C-pep (nmol/L)	0.5 (0.4–0.7)	0.5 (0.4–0.6)	0.4 (0.3–0.7)	0.368
Glucagon stimulated C-pep (nmol/L)	0.9 (0.4–1.3)	0.7 (0.6–0.9)	0.8 (0.5–1.0)	0.867
HOMA-IR (%)	1.2 (0.8–1.7)	1.3 (0.9–1.5)	0.9 (0.7–1.8)	0.565
HOMA-β (%)	69.4 (59.6–107.5)	60.2 (49.2–78.6)	52.3 (41.4–77.5)	0.651
HOMA-S (%)	83.7 (59.0–118.1)	79.8 (69.0–104.1)	107.9 (56.0–147.5)	0.565
Hypoglycemic episodes/patient/month	0.0 (0.0–3.0)	8.0 (5.0–11.0)	0.0 (0.0–3.0)	0.013*
Mixed meal tolerance test
Fasting C-peptide (nmol/L)	0.5 (0.3–0.7)	–	0.3 (0.2–0.5)	0.612
AUC of C-peptide (nmol/L)	179.9 (77.4–251.5)	–	151.9 (123.4–206.8)	1.000
Peak C-peptide (nmol/L)	1.8 (1.1–3.3)	–	2.2 (1.6–2.6)	1.000
Hyperglycemic clamp study
Fasting C-pep (nmol/L)	0.6 (0.5–0.8)	–	0.6 (0.4–0.9)	0.605
AUC of 1st-phase C-peptide (nmol/L)	4.1 (1.9–5.9)	–	4.5 (2.9–6.8)	0.553
AUC of 2nd-phase C-peptide (nmol/L)	52.6 (29.1–70.2)	–	74.0 (35.8–90.1)	0.018*
Insulin sensitivity index (µmoles/kg/min/pmol/L)	0.2 (0.1–0.4)		0.2 (0.1–0.2)	0.066
Hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp study
Glucose disposal rate (mg/kg min)	2.4 (1.9–2.9)	–	2.2 (1.9–2.8)	0.139
Insulin sensitivity (mg/kg min/μU/mL)	3.4 (2.5–6.0)	–	3.4 (2.6–4.6)	0.553

All values are expressed as median and interquartile range

* Significant difference from baseline