Table 2.
Results of GLMM for (a) response variables measured in non-protected individuals (2012–2013), (B) autofertility (2012–13) and pollen addition (2014–15) treatments and (C) response variables measured in caged plants along the altitudinal gradient (2014–15). Rows: factors included in each model. Columns: the response variables. We provide the sign of the effect for the continous predictors, the chi-squared value and the significance level: non significant (n.s.) P ≥ 0.05, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P > 0.001.
| A) Factors | Resprouting | Flowering | Plant size | Floral display | Fruit set | Seed set | Herbivory | Florivory |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Altitude | 14.36** | (–) | (–) | (–) | 1.88 n.s. | 0.03 n.s. | 33.53*** | 54.71*** |
| Year | (–) | (–) | (–) | 11.1*** | 9.62** | 2.06 n.s. | 23.7*** | 81.03*** |
| Altitude x Year | (–) | 7.03 n.s. | 12.08** | (–) | (–) | (–) | (–) | (–) |
| Size | (–) | (–) | (–) | (–) | (–) | +10.79** | (–) | (–) |
| Altitude x Size | (–) | 141.5*** | (–) | 201.34*** | 19.98*** | (–) | (–) | (–) |
| B) Factors | Fruit set | Seed set | Fruit set | Seed set | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Altitude | (–) | (–) | Altitude | 6.39 n.s. | 0.71 n.s. |
| Autofertility | (–) | (–) | Pollen addition (PA) | 6.20* | 0.97 n.s. |
| Altitude x Autofertility | 11.17** | 15.51** | Altitude x PA | (–) | (–) |
| Herbivore exclusion (HE) | (–) | 30.03*** | Herbivore exclusion (HE) | 4.31* | 1.55 n.s. |
| Autofertility | (–) | 99.64*** | Pollen addition (PA) | 0.08 n.s. | 0 n.s. |
| HE x Autofertility | 21.02*** | (–) | HE x PA | (–) | (–) |
| C) Factors | Fruit set | Seed set | Fruit set | Seed set |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Altitude | (–) | (–) | 8.63* | 3.06 n.s. |
| Year | (–) | (–) | (–) | 1.31 n.s. |
| Altitude x Year | 6.42* | 7.77* | (–) | (–) |
| Cages – Fence Exclusion | 3.26 n.s. | 5.01* | 0.75 n.s. | 2.1 n.s. |
| Year | 3.36 n.s. | 129.16 n.s. | (–) | 8.17** |
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