Table A.
Clinical characteristics of published cases of calcified amorphous tumor.
| Report | Case no | Sex | Age | Tumor site | Presentation | Follow-up | Comorbidities/underlying disease | Size (mm) | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reynolds et al. (1997) [1] | 1 | M | 16 | LA | Exercise intolerance, near-syncope | Residual calcifications in LA | Mediastinal RT and chemo for neuroblastoma at age 3 months | 45 × 23 × 3 | Surgical excision |
| 2 | M | 30 | LV | Near-syncope, chest pain, palpitations | Small residual calcified nodule in LV, 3 years 6 months | None | 30 × 12 × 10 | Surgical excision | |
| 3 | F | 33 | RV | Shortness of breath | Lost to follow-up | Recurrent PE | 20 × 23 | Surgical excision | |
| 4 | F | 34 | RV | Vertigo, orthopnea | Lost to follow-up | Systemic lupus-like illness | 35 × 25 × 15 | Surgical excision | |
| 5 | F | 48 | MV | CVA | NED 4 months | MR and TR, cleft mitral valve leaflet | 30 × 2 | Surgical excision | |
| 6 | F | 60 | LV, MV | CVA, retinal emboli | Alive, left jugular foramen tumor | MR and AR with enlarged LA | 15 × 15 × 15 | Surgical excision | |
| 7 | M | 65 | RV, TV | Shortness of breath | Died of non cardiac cause 30 days after diagnosis | CAD, recurrent PE | 33 × 27 × 12 | No surgery | |
| 8 | F | 67 | RA | Syncope | NED 18 years | CAD, CHF | 65 × 50 × 50 | Surgical excision | |
| 9 | M | 67 | LV | Syncope | NED 1 year 4 months | CAD, ESRD, tumoral calcinosis | 15 × 3 × 3 | Surgical excision | |
| 10 | F | 73 | RA, SVC | Dizziness, dyspnea on exertion | NED 1 year 5 months | Diverticulitis, partial resection, total parenteral nutrition | 20 × 90 | Surgical excision | |
| 11 | F | 75 | LV | “Funny sensation” in chest | NED 6 years 11 months | Diabetes mellitus | 20 × 20 × 20 | Surgical excision | |
| Chaowalit et al. (2005) [15] | 12 | F | 20 | RV | PE, dyspnea | N/A | Chest trauma 3 years earlier | 40 × 22 × 18 | Surgical excision |
| Lewin et al. (2006) [12] | 13 | F | 60 | RV | Syncope | Died 1 day after surgery | No prior cardiac history. | 40 × 30 × 25 | Surgical excision |
| Fealey et al. (2007) [14] | 14 | F | 20 | RV | PE, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue | Residual calcified RV nodule, recurrent PE 2 years after surgical resection, second resection | None | 40 × 35 × 25 | Surgical excision |
| Khulbey et al. (2008) [16] | 15 | M | 26 | RA | Prolonged fever and constitutional symptoms | NED 1 year | Atrial septal closure | 30 × 20 × 20 | Surgical excision |
| Inamdar et al. (2008) [17] | 16 | F | 85 | MA | Chronic fatigue | N/A | MAC, ESRD, HTN, DM | 23 × 9 | Surgical excision |
| Ho et al. (2008) [3] | 17 | M | 44 | LV and mitral chordal apparatus diffuse infiltration | Shortness of breath on exertion | N/A | Severe LV systolic dysfunction | Diffuse infiltration | Referred for heart transplantation |
| Gutierrez et al. (2008) [18] | 18 | M | 35 | RA | Septic shock | NED 2 months | ESRD (Alport syndrome), HTN | 20 × 15 × 14 | Surgical excision |
| Flynn et al. (2009) [19] | 19 | M | Young | RV | Syncope, PE, severe tricuspid regurgitation | N/A | N/A | 14 × 12 × 5 | Surgical excision and pulmonary TEA |
| Habib et al. (2010) [5] | 20 | F | 58 | MA, MV, diffuse LV infiltration | Ventricular tachycardia | Medical treatment, persistent VT | Ventricular tachycardia, SCD, mild mitral regurgitation | Diffuse infiltration | Medical treatment |
| Gupta et al. (2010) [20] | 21 | F | 40 | RA | Shortness of breath on exertion, cough, fatigue | NED 8 months | None | 30 × 20 × 15 | Surgical excision |
| Vaideeswar et al. (2010) [13] | 22 | M | 56 | RA | Progressive shortness of breath, PE, blurring of vision | NED 2 years | N/A | N/A | Surgical excision and pulmonary TEA |
| 23 | M | 35 | RA | Exertional dyspnea, dizziness on walking, PE | Died 7 days after surgery | N/A | 32 × 23 × 13 | Surgical excision and pulmonary TEA | |
| Kubota et al. (2010) [8] | 24 | F | 64 | LV, MA | Incidental | NED 3 years | ESRD, DM | 3 × 27 | Surgical excision |
| 25 | M | 44 | LV, PM | Incidental | NED 3 years | ESRD | 6 × 28 | Surgical excision | |
| Greaney et al. (2011) [21] | 26 | F | 69 | LV, MV | Left-sided heart failure, stroke | NED 3 months | Severe COPD | 20 | Surgical excision |
| Ananthakrishna et al. (2011) [22] | 27 | F | 45 | LV | Breathlessness | NED 4 months | Rheumatic heart disease | 40 × 35 × 20 | Surgical excision, mitral and aortic valve replacement |
| Vlasseros et al. (2011) [2] | 28 | F | 65 | LV, MV | Visual loss (central retinal artery occlusion) | NED 8 months | DM, HTN | 26 × 17 × 5 | Surgical excision and MVR |
| Lin et al. (2011) [23] | 29 | F | 74 | LA | Incidental | NED 6 months | None | 14 × 27 | Surgical excision |
| De Sousa et al. (2011) [24] | 30 | M | 17 | TV | Cardiomegaly | NED 3 months | Ebstein anomaly | 15 × 15 × 13 | Surgical excision and TV valvuloplasty |
| Fujiwara et al. (2012) [7] | 31 | M | 58 | MA | Incidental | N/A | ESRD, MAC | N/A | Surgical excision |
| 32 | M | 65 | MA | Incidental | N/A | ESRD, MAC | 7 × 2 | Surgical excision | |
| Nishigawa et al. (2012) [25] | 33 | F | 78 | LA | Incidental | N/A | MAC | 1.7 | Surgical excision |
| Nazli et al. (2013) [4] | 34 | F | 54 | LV | Central retinal artery occlusion | NED 1 year | Hypothyroidism | 38 × 25 | Surgical excision |
| Yamamoto et al. (2013) [26] | 35 | F | 82 | MA | Progressive heart failure | N/A | N/A | 37 × 4 | Surgical excision |
| Kawata et al. (2013) [9] | 36 | M | 59 | MA | Incidental | N/A | DM, ESRD, MAC | 28 × 6 | Surgical excision |
| Rehman et al. (2014) [27] | 37 | F | 62 | RV | Severe exertional dyspnea, chronic pulmonary embolism | N/A | Atrial septal defect | 30 × 20 | Surgical excision |
| Mohamedali et al. (2014) [10] | 38 | F | 69 | MA | Dyspnea, epigastric pain | N/A | ESRD, MAC | 7 × 3 × 3 | Surgical excision |
| Choi et al. (2014) [28] | 39 | F | 57 | RA | Dyspnea, fever, cough | NED 1 year | N/A | 19 × 13 × 8 | Surgical excision |
| Hussain et al. (2014) [29] | 40 | F | 80 | LV | Near-syncope | N/A | HTN, dyslipidemia, CAD, lung adenocarcinoma | 50 | Surgical excision |
| 41 | F | 69 | MV | Palpitations | N/A | HTN, DM, dyslipidemia | 10 × 10 | Surgical excision and MV valvuloplasty | |
| 42 | F | 60 | RA | Dyspnea | N/A | Breast cancer 10 years earlier | 16 × 23 | Surgical excision |
AR: aortic regurgitation, CAD: coronary artery disease, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CVA: cerebrovascular accident, DM: diabetes mellitus, ESRD: end-stage renal disease, F: female, HTN: hypertension, LA: left atrium, LV: left ventricle, M: male, MA: mitral annulus, MAC: mitral annular calcification, MR: mitral regurgitation, MV: mitral valve, N/A: not available, NED: no evidence of disease, PE: pulmonary embolism, PM: papillary muscle, RA: right atrium, RT: radiotherapy, RV: right ventricle, SCD: sudden cardiac death, TEA: thromboendarterectomy, TR: tricuspid regurgitation, TV: tricuspid valve, VT: ventricular tachycardia.