Table 1.

Left ventricular strain in hypertrophic left ventricular diseases.

The table shows either trend or significant reduction in average myocardial strain in various cohorts with an increased left ventricular wall thickness despite a preserved ejection fraction. Note the lower (less negative) longitudinal and circumferential strains and lower (less positive) radial strains despite unchanged ejection fractions. HFREF is shown for comparison.

Cohort	Longitudinal strain (%)		Circumferential strain (%)		Radial strain (%)		EF (%)		Ref.
	Control	Patient	Control	Patient	Control	Patient	Control	Patient
cLVH	− 22.9	− 17.9**	− 23.7	− 20.4**	+ 74.4	+ 62.7**	77	70*	[1]
AS	− 20.3	− 14.6**	− 19.5	− 15.2**	+ 38.9	+ 33.9ns	62	61ns	[2]
HBP	− 20.3	− 17.2**	− 19.5	− 17.0ns	+ 38.9	+ 34.4ns	62	61ns	[2]
HCM	− 20.3	− 15.1**	− 19.6	− 16.8**	+ 36.8	+ 25.2**	67	69ns	[3]
HFNEF	− 19.0	− 12.0*	− 20.0	− 15.0ns	+ 47.0	+ 28.0*	64	63ns	[4]
	− 20.0	− 14.6*	− 27.1	− 22.9*	NA	NA	61	59ns	[5]
	− 20.9	− 18.9*	NA	NA	+ 49.2	+ 41.8*	62	61ns	[6]
	− 20.9	− 15.9**	− 26.4	− 20.8ns	+ 44.5	+ 32.9**	68	61ns	[7]
HFREF	− 19.0	− 4.0*	− 20.0	− 7.0*	+ 47.0	+ 14.0*	64	24*	[4]
	− 20.9	− 9.6**	− 26.4	− 9.5**	+ 44.3	+ 18.0**	68	31*	[7]

cLVH, concentric left ventricular hypertrophy. AS, aortic stenosis. HBP, high blood pressure. HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. HFNEF, heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. HFREF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. EF, ejection fraction. *significant, ns, non-significant. NA, data not available.