Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics in participants with and without GERD symptoms .
| Variable |
GERD symptoms
(n=106), n (%) |
No GERD symptoms
(n=111), n (%) |
P a |
| Age (y), Mean ± SD | 35.3±12.6 | 35.1±13.2 | 0.91 |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 27 (25.4) | 30 (27.1) | 0.42 |
| Female | 79 (74.6) | 81 (72.9) | |
| Occupation | |||
| Unemployed | 89 (84.0) | 91 (82.0) | 0.11 |
| Non-governmental | 10 (9.4) | 13 (11.7) | |
| Retired | 3 (2.8) | 8 (7.2) | |
| Housewife | 62 (58.5) | 46 (41.4) | |
| Student | 14 (13.2) | 24 (21.6) | |
| Employed | 17 (16.0) | 20 (18.0) | |
| Education | |||
| Illiterate | 20 (18.8) | 8 (7.2) | 0.007 |
| Literate | 67 (63.2) | 64 (57.6) | |
| Higher education | 19 (17.9) | 39 (35.1) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Single | 25 (23.5) | 34 (30.6) | 0.42 |
| Married | 81 (76.4) | 77 (69.3) | |
| Smoking | |||
| None-smoker | 103 (47.5) | 110 (50.7) | 0.23 |
| Menopausal status | |||
| Yes | 14 (17.9) | 9 (11.4) | 0.18 |
| No | 64 (82.1) | 70 (88.6) |
Abbreviation: GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease.
aChi-square test.