Table 3.
Suramin pharmacometabolomics: biochemical pathways changed at 6‐weeks
| No. | Pathway name | Measured metabolites in the pathway (N) | Expected pathway proportion (P = N/429) | Expected hits in sample of 48 (P × 48) | Observed hits in the top 48 metabolites | Fold enrichment (obs/exp) | Impact (sum VIP score) | Fraction of impact (VIP score) explained (% of 94.6) | Increased | Decreased |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Purine metabolism | 26 | 0.061 | 2.9 | 5 | 1.7 | 10.2 | 11% | 3 | 2 |
| 2 | SAM, SAH, methionine, cysteine, glutathione | 15 | 0.035 | 1.7 | 5 | 3.0 | 9.5 | 10% | 5 | 0 |
| 3 | Microbiome metabolism | 18 | 0.042 | 2.0 | 4 | 2.0 | 8.4 | 9% | 4 | 0 |
| 4 | Branch chain amino acid metabolism | 12 | 0.028 | 1.3 | 4 | 3.0 | 7.4 | 8% | 4 | 0 |
| 5 | Bile acid metabolism | 6 | 0.014 | 0.7 | 3 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 6% | 3 | 0 |
| 6 | Fatty acid oxidation and synthesis | 37 | 0.086 | 4.1 | 3 | 0.7 | 5.0 | 5% | 0 | 3 |
| 7 | Amino acid metabolism (alanine) | 4 | 0.009 | 0.4 | 2 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 5% | 2 | 0 |
| 8 | Krebs cycle | 9 | 0.021 | 1.0 | 2 | 2.0 | 4.3 | 5% | 2 | 0 |
| 9 | Pyrimidine metabolism | 9 | 0.021 | 1.0 | 2 | 2.0 | 4.2 | 4% | 2 | 0 |
| 10 | Sphingomyelin metabolism | 36 | 0.084 | 4.0 | 2 | 0.5 | 4.1 | 4% | 2 | 0 |
| 11 | 1‐Carbon, folate, formate, glycine, serine | 5 | 0.012 | 0.6 | 2 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4% | 2 | 0 |
| 12 | GABA, glutamate, arginine, ornithine, proline | 6 | 0.014 | 0.7 | 2 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 4% | 2 | 0 |
| 13 | Tyrosine and phenylalanine metabolism | 3 | 0.007 | 0.3 | 2 | 6.0 | 3.7 | 4% | 2 | 0 |
| 14 | Cholesterol, cortisol, nongonadal steroid | 16 | 0.037 | 1.8 | 2 | 1.1 | 3.5 | 4% | 2 | 0 |
| 15 | Gamma‐glutamyl and other dipeptides | 2 | 0.005 | 0.2 | 1 | 4.5 | 2.4 | 2% | 1 | 0 |
| 16 | Histidine, histamine, carnosine metabolism | 4 | 0.009 | 0.4 | 1 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2% | 1 | 0 |
| 17 | Nitric oxide, superoxide, peroxide metabolism | 2 | 0.005 | 0.2 | 1 | 4.5 | 2.2 | 2% | 1 | 0 |
| 18 | Tryptophan, kynurenine, serotonin, melatonin | 6 | 0.014 | 0.7 | 1 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2% | 1 | 0 |
| 19 | Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis metabolism | 7 | 0.016 | 0.8 | 1 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 2% | 1 | 0 |
| 20 | Vitamin C (ascorbate) metabolism | 2 | 0.005 | 0.2 | 1 | 4.5 | 2.0 | 2% | 1 | 0 |
| 21 | Amino‐sugar, hexose metabolism | 5 | 0.012 | 0.6 | 1 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2% | 1 | 0 |
| 22 | Phospholipid metabolism | 73 | 0.170 | 8.2 | 1 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 2% | 0 | 1 |
| Subtotal: | 42 | 6 | ||||||||
| Total: | 48 | |||||||||