Table 4.
Multivariate analysis of variables affecting the survival of HCC patients with bile duct invasion at the time of initial diagnosis (N=247)
| Variables | Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age, ≥60 vs. <60 years | 0.73 (0.56-0.96) | 0.023 | 0.76 (0.57-1.03) | 0.074 |
| Sex, male vs. female | 1.70 (1.18-2.47) | 0.005 | 1.60 (1.08-2.38) | 0.020 |
| Child-Pugh class, B-C vs. A | 1.88 (1.45-2.43) | <0.001 | 0.88 (0.60-1.29) | 0.503 |
| Total bilirubin, ≥3 vs. <3 mg/dL | 2.07 (1.58-2.71) | <0.001 | 1.47 (1.09-1.97) | 0.011 |
| BCLC stage, C-D vs. A-B | 2.01 (1.48-2.73) | <0.001 | 1.60 (1.15-2.23) | 0.006 |
| Level of bile duct involvement | 1.55 (1.19-2.02) | 0.001 | 1.23 (0.92-1.64) | 0.160 |
| Common or both vs. unilateral | ||||
| PVTT, present vs. absent | 1.88 (1.42-2.48) | <0.001 | 1.61 (1.20-2.17) | 0.002 |
| Metastasis, present vs. absent* | 1.86 (1.36-2.55) | <0.001 | 1.56 (1.12-2.16) | 0.008 |
| Treatment modality | ||||
| Resection, present vs. absent | 0.47 (0.31-0.72) | <0.001 | 0.47 (0.29-0.74) | 0.001 |
| TACE, present vs. absent | 0.46 (0.35-0.59) | <0.001 | 0.39 (0.29-0.51) | <0.001 |
| CTx, present vs. absent | 0.80 (0.53-1.19) | 0.270 | ||
HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; PVTT, portal vein tumor thrombus; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization; CTx, systemic chemotherapy.
*
Extra-hepatic metastasis including lung, lymph node, bone or adrenal metastasis.