Table 1. TKV measurements by CT and MRI in clinical studies.
| Reference | Mode of TKV measurement | Age range (no of patients) | TKV range (ml) | Longitudinal study (Yes/No) | Annual TKV growth rate (%) | Drug used in trial |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lee et al. (1981)75 | CT | Adult (10) | 406–4,950 | No | NA | NA |
| Thomsen et al. (1981)76 | CT | 16–66 (43) | 700–≥4,000 | No | NA | NA |
| King et al. (2000)50 | MRI | 21–50 (9) | 569–1,985 | Yes | 4.3 | NA |
| Sise et al. (2000)51 | CT | 25–46 (10) | 386–1,933 | Yes | 9.6 | NA |
| Ruggenti et al. (2005)77 | CT | 35–58 (12) | 2,435* | Yes | 5.9 | Octreotide |
| Grantham et al. (2006)52 | MRI | 15–46 (241) | 276–3,877 | Yes | 5.3 | NA |
| Antiga et al. (2006)78 | CT | 33–58 (13) | 1,469–4,295 | Yes | 6.3 | NA |
| Serra et al. (2010)62 | MRI | 18–40 (100) | 558–1,753 | Yes | ∼10.3 | Sirolimus |
| Walz et al. (2010)61 | MRI | 44* (433) | 308–7,681 | Yes | ∼12.6 | Everolimus |
| Cadnapaphornchai et al. (2011)79 | MRI | 4–21 (77) | ∼160–∼1,750‡ | Yes | 7.4 | NA |
| Tokiwa, et al. (2011)80 | MRI | 21–72 (73) | 405–9,652 | Yes | 3.4 | NA |
| Higashihara, et al. (2012)81 | MRI | 45* (86) | 1,839* | Yes | 5.6 | NA |
| Torres, et al. (2013)63 | MRI | 18–50 (1445) | 1,705/1,668§ | Yes | 5.5 | Tolvaptan |
| Caroli et al. (2013)66 | MRI | 37* (75) | 1,557/2,161§ | Yes | 6.6 | Octreotide |
| Chen et al. (2014)82 | MRI | 4–77 (532) | 1,265* | Yes | 5.7 | NA |
| Schrier et al. (2014)65 | MRI | 15–49 (558) | 1,164–1,264‖ | Yes | 6.6 | ACE inhibitor or ARB |
| Cadnapaphornchai et al. (2014)68 | MRI | 8–22 (110) | 571/572§ | Yes | 10.3 | Pravastatin |
*
Average at baseline.
‡
Estimated from graphs.
§
Averages for control/experimental groups.
‖
Averages of four groups at baseline.
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin-receptor blocker; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NA, not applicable; TKV, total kidney volume.