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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Cogn Sci. 2017 May 5;21(6):474–488. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2017.03.009

Fig. 5. Medication Effects on Functional Domains Implicated In ADHD.

Fig. 5

Summary of effects of drugs on different functional domains implicated in ADHD across several different species: rodent, monkey and human. Drugs to treat ADHD come in different classes: typical examples of each of the types, as well as a superficial description of their method of action, are provided. Green indicates an improvement in behavior, red a worsening in behavior, and black no change in behavior. Split colors indicate cases where more than one effect was observed. In several cases different outcomes were observed to be caused by drug dosage -- e.g. a small dose might cause an improvement in working memory and large dose a deficit. These studies are denoted with a *. Note that clonidine and guanfacine are both alpha-2 receptor agonists, but can have very different effects [103]. Human studies were either performed in neurotypical populations, ADHD populations†, or mixed populations‡.