Table 4.

Effect of Socioeconomic Status on Change in Physical Activity and Diet Following Myocardial Infarction

Author	Year	Country	n	Behavior	Definition of SES	Effect Direction	Effect Size
Salisbury et al. (95)	2011	USA	2,481	Diet	Education	−*	Patients without a college degree more likely to keep eating fast food after MI (RR 1.27)
Conroy et al. (70)	1986	USA	299	Diet	Job type	−	Those of a lower social class were less likely to achieve a healthy BMI by 1 year (Tau = −0.21)
Chan et al. (72)	2008	Canada	1,801	Diet	Income	=*	Education was not predictive of dietary change in a multi-variate model
Gerber et al. (b) (96)	2011	Israel	1,410	Physical Activity	Education	−*	Lower educational attainment is associated with decreasing physical activity after MI (AOR 0.87)
Shapiro et al., (77)	1970	USA	564	Physical Activity	Job type	−	Having a blue collar job is associated with decreasing physical activity after MI (decrease of 31% vs. 22%)
Conroy et al. (70)	1986	USA	299	Physical Activity	Job type	−	Those of a lower social class were less likely to increase their physical activity by 1 year (Tau = −0.21)

Note: Significance is defined as the original author's determination of statistical significance. A criterion of p < .05 was used across all studies. A + denotes low-SES is correlated with behavior change, an = denotes no significant relationship and a − denotes low-SES is negatively correlated with behavior change. An * denotes studies using positively multivariate analyses that accounted for other common predictors of behavior change such as age, gender, race and history and severity of disease.