Table 1.
Descriptive statistics, ANCOVAs for working memory tests, ANOVAs for age, intelligence, English proficiency and SES by group.
| Measure | HIV-I (n = 95) |
HIV-EU (n = 86) |
HIV-UU (n = 92) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Range | Mean (SD) | Range | Mean (SD) | Range | F | p | η2 | |
| Digit Recall | 86.21 (14.11) | 64–120 | 90.47 (17.00) | 60–125 | 100.21 (17.05) | 11–126 | |||
| Word Recall | 77.54 (13.32) | 30–127 | 76.15 (14.2) | 63–120 | 94.43 (18.46) | 63–129 | |||
| Non-word Recall | 100.97 (17.87) | 59–145 | 95.18 (17.15) | 59–137 | 110.62 (18.03) | 69–137 | |||
| Verbal Storage | 85.6 (14.62) | 59–131 | 84.44 (16.41) | 59–129 | 102.41 (16.97) | 69–129 | 11.29 | 0.000∗ | 0.078 |
| Listening Recall | 73.13 (15.31) | 2–109 | 84.56 (17.58) | 62–139 | 95.57 (16.89) | 63–131 | |||
| Counting Recall | 87.85 (13.65) | 55–129 | 93.44 (13.74) | 70–130 | 103.37 (20.36) | 14–141 | |||
| Backward Digit Recall | 80.57 (13.3) | 58–119 | 84.56 (14.76) | 58–136 | 99.42 (16.34) | 64–143 | |||
| Verbal Processing | 77.18 (11.13) | 61–107 | 85.13 (14.13) | 61–121 | 99.7 (16.26) | 66–131 | 18.16 | 0.000∗ | 0.121 |
| Dot Matrix | 86.61 (16.72) | 61–148 | 93.22 (14.71) | 64–132 | 99.3 (17.17) | 65–148 | |||
| Mazes Memory | 83.51 (15.81) | 48–133 | 86.94 (17.91) | 48–129 | 97.09 (16.44) | 59–133 | |||
| Block Recall | 85.94 (13.57) | 47–120 | 90.87 (13.02) | 61–120 | 97.46 (16.08) | 70–131 | |||
| Visuospatial Storage | 82.76 (15.85) | 2–131 | 88.74 (15.21) | 63–126 | 97.29 (17.6) | 63–139 | 2.42 | 0.091 | 0.018 |
| Odd One Out | 88.73 (17.53) | 59–130 | 98.9 (15.93) | 62–133 | 108 (17.36) | 71–133 | |||
| Mister X | 92.33 (15.92) | 62–144 | 99 (13.62) | 71–133 | 107.11 (19.42) | 71–155 | |||
| Spatial Recall | 87.65 (15.43) | 60–126 | 95.56 (14.1) | 64–135 | 102.32 (15.01) | 70–135 | |||
| Visuospatial Processing | 87.21 (16.38) | 61–132 | 97.23 (14.14) | 62–132 | 107.25 (17.98) | 71–139 | 7.36 | 0.001∗ | 0.053 |
| Age (months) | 88.98 (10.15) | 71–107 | 88.28 (10.51) | 67–106 | 84.54 (10.35) | 60–106 | 4.93 | 0.008∗∗ | 0.04 |
| Intelligence | 13.79 (5.09) | 2–26 | 15.72 (6.01) | 3–29 | 19.50 (5.79) | 9–32 | 24.76 | 0.000∗∗ | 0.15 |
| English proficiency | 7.91 (6.95) | 0–30 | 10.69 (7.46) | 0–30 | 17.15 (9.83) | 0–32 | 31.29 | 0.000∗∗ | 0.19 |
| SES | 6.55 (1.77) | 2–10 | 5.88 (1.13) | 2–10 | 6.95 (1.65) | 2–10 | 11.02 | 0.001∗∗ | 0.08 |
∗0.0125 correction for ANCOVAs between working memory tests after covariation of age, intelligence, English proficiency, and SES scores; ∗∗0.05 for all other ANOVAs.