Table 1.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of study participants
| DM2, n=429 (1065 patient-years) |
Non-DM, n=594 (1312 patient-years) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60.9±10.1 | 62.8±10.5 | ns |
| Female (%) | 53.1 | 52.0 | ns |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28±6 | 29±8 | ns |
| Casual BP (mmHg) | 153/89±14/10 | 158/89±11/10 | ns |
| 24-hour ABP (mmHg) | 134/83±12/10 | 136/84±11/11 | ns |
| Daytime ABP (mmHg) | 138/82±15/11 | 139/86±14/10 | ns |
| Nighttime ABP (mmHg) | 123/74±16/10 | 122/73±15/10 | ns |
| Nighttime SBP fall (%) | 10.2±7.1 | 11.4±6.7 | ns |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1±0.4 | 1.0±0.6 | ns |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.2±4.8 | 5.1±1.4 | 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 122±21 | 126±29 | ns |
| Albuminuria (mg/24 h) | 145±430 | 130±370 | ns |
| Number anti-hypertensive drugs (per patient) | 2.4±1.2 | 2.2±1.6 | ns |
| Number antidiabetic drugs (per patient) | 1.9±0.3 | 0 | ns |
| Number antidyslipidemic drugs (per patient) | 0.9±1.5 | 0.7±1.3 | ns |
| Patients with eGFR reduction per year >10% | 26.4% | 18.1%* | 0.042 |
| Percentual reduction of eGFR per year | 3.9±15.2% | 2.5±15.9% | ns |
| eGFR reduction per year (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 3.2±10.9 | 2.4±11.2 | ns |
| eGFR reduction per year according to baseline eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | |||
| >90 | 3.0±5.0 (n=142) | 2.9±4.6 (n=267) | ns |
| 60–90 | 1.9±4.2 (n=214) | 1.1±3.1 (n=241) | 0.045 |
| 45–59 | 0.9±2.1 (n=55) | 0.7±2.6 (n=61) | ns |
| <45 | 1.6±2.8 (n=29) | 0.4±1.1 (n=25) | 0.043 |
| Percentage of patients who moved each year toward a more severe stage of CKD | |||
| All patients | 14.9% | ns | |
| Each subgroup | 16.1% | 13.1% | 0.051 |
Note: Data presented as mean ± standard deviation unless stated otherwise.
Abbreviations: ABP, ambulatory blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM2, type 2 diabetes; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycosilated hemoglobin; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ns, nonsignificant; SBP, systolic blood pressure.