Table 2.
Clinical characteristics and antibody concentrations in PDB cases and controls
| PDB (n = 463) | Controls (n = 221) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 72.4 ± 8.0 | 72.2 ± 8.4 | 0.75 |
| Male | 240 (51.8%) | 114 (51.5%) | 0.95 |
| Age at diagnosis | 64.3 ± 10.5 | – | |
| Family history PDB | 70 (15.1%) | – | |
| SQSTM1 mutation | 38 (8.4%) | ||
| Number of affected sites | – | ||
| 1 | 222 (47.1%) | ||
| 2 | 141 (30.4%) | ||
| 3 | 62 (13.4%) | ||
| >4 | 38 (8.2%) | ||
| Fractures in pagetic bone | 47 (10.1%) | ||
| Orthopaedic surgery | 83 (17.9%) | ||
| Previous bisphosphonate | 353 (76.2%) | – | |
| Deafness and skull involvement | 34 (7.3%) | ||
| Bone deformity | 172 (37.1%) | ||
| Bone pain | 345 (74.5%) | ||
| Adjusted alkaline phosphatase | 1.18 ± 1.01 | – | |
| Measles virus | |||
| Antibody concentration (IU/ml) | 3.00 ± 12.3 | 2.32 ± 6.16 | 0.36 |
| Previous infection | 459 (99.1%) | 217 (98.2%) | 0.28 |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | |||
| Antibody concentration (IU/ml) | 227 ± 144 | 220 ± 143 | 0.57 |
| Positive serology | 425 (91.8%) | 204 (92.3%) | 0.881 |
| Canine distemper virus | |||
| Antibody concentration (IU/ml) | 2.37 ± 1.08 | 2.39 ± 1.16 | 0.79 |
| Positive serology | 208 (45.1%) | 100 (45.2%) | 1.00 |
| Mumps virus | |||
| Antibody concentration (IU/ml) | 3.00 ± 0.85 | 2.56 ± 0.89 | 0.0001 |
| Positive serology | 451 (97.4%) | 210 (95.0%) | 0.11 |
| Varicella zoster virus | |||
| Antibody concentration (IU/ml) | 0.872 ± 0.728 | 0.784 ± 0.741 | 0.147 |
| Positive serology | 448 (96.8%) | 215 (97.3%) | 0.81 |
| Rubella virus | |||
| Antibody concentration (IU/ml) | 29.1 ± 11.4 | 27.30 ± 9.82 | 0.039 |
| Positive serology | 451 (97.4%) | 215 (97.3%) | 1.00 |
The values shown are mean SD and number (%). The p-values refer to differences between cases and controls assessed by Students t-test, Fishers exact test or χ2 test. For MV, RSV, Mumps, VZV and Rubella participants were coded as having positive serology when antibody concentrations were above the reference range suggested by the manufacturer as indicating previous infection. Information on antibody concentrations for CDV was missing for two PDB patients. For CDV, subjects who tested positive or high were considered to have positive serology