Table 1.
Evolution of antibiotic resistance of S. aureus from 2001 to 2014 in Indian Ocean Commission.
| Country | Population | Year | Study design | Sample type | Isolates number | OXA/CEF | PEN | ERY | LIN | SXT | GEN | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Madagascar | Com | 2001–2005 | Laboratory surveillance | Pus, genital, urine, respiratory | 68 | 6.5% | 87.9% | 14.6% | 6.1% | 16.8% | 1.9% | (12) |
| Madagascar | Hosp | 2001–2005 | Laboratory surveillance | Surgical wounds, pus, hemoculture | 506 | 4.4% | 91.2% | 10.3% | 7.3% | 13.2% | 0.0% | (12) |
| Reunion | Hosp | 2007 | Laboratory surveillance | Unknown (diagnostic specimen) | – | 13% | 85.0% | 18.0% | 11% | 0.4% | 0.8% | (14) |
| Madagascar | Hosp | 2010 | Laboratory surveillance | Surgical wounds, pus, burn, urine, respiratory | 103 | 13.6% | 92.2% | 19.4% | 5.8 | NI | 3.9% | (15) |
| Mauritius | Hosp | 2010 | Laboratory surveillance | Unknown (diagnostic specimen) | 127 | 37.8% | 95.3% | 27.6% | NI | NI | NI | (16) |
| Madagascar | Com | 2011 | Cross-sectional study | Nasal swabs | 45 | 38.8% | 100.0%a | 66.7%a | 31.1%a | 68.9%a | 4.4%a | (10) |
| Madagascar | Com | 2011–2013 | Laboratory surveillance | Urine | 48 | 8.3% | 75.0% | NI | NI | 58.3% | NI | (17) |
| Madagascar | Com (veterinarian) | 2013–2014 | Cross-sectional study | Nasal swabs | 30 | 46.7% | 100% | 60.0% | NI | 76.7% | 20% | (11) |
| Madagascar | Com (veterinarian) | 2013–2014 | Cross-sectional study | Nasal swabs | 14 | 100.0%a | 100%a | 64.3%a | NI | 71.4%a | 42.9%a | (11) |
| Mauritius | Hosp | 2014 | Laboratory surveillance | Blood culture, pus, burn, urine, swab, respiratory intravascular catheter | 140 | 39.0% | NI | 31.0% | NI | NI | NI | (18) |
OXA, oxacillin/CEF, cefoxitin; PEN, penicillin; ERY, erythromycin; LIN, lincomycin; SXT, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole; GEN, gentamicin; NI, not identified.
aResistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.