Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 144 patients with KPC Kp invasive infection included in the study
| Variable | Number (%) of patients | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DC group (n = 48) | ST group (n = 96) | ||
| Demographics and comorbidities | |||
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 55.5 ± 15 | 61.3 ± 12 | 0.06 |
| Males | 35 (72.9) | 58 (60.4) | 0.19 |
| CHF | 18 (37.5) | 27 (28.1) | 0.34 |
| COPD | 11 (22.9) | 12 (12.5) | 0.17 |
| CRF | 8 (16.7) | 7 (7.3) | 0.15 |
| Diabetes | 17 (35.4) | 31 (32.3) | 0.85 |
| CLD | 10 (20.8) | 8 (8.3) | 0.06 |
| Neoplasm | 2 (4.2) | 12 (12.5) | 0.21 |
| Immunosuppressive status | 19 (39.6) | 26 (27.1) | 0.18 |
| ICU stay before infection (days), median (IQR) | 11 (4–24) | 7 (1-22.5) | 0.08 |
| Duration of MV before infection (days), median (IQR) | 6 (1.5-15.5) | 5 (1–14) | 0.57 |
| Duration of vasopressors before infection (days), median (IQR) | 3 (1–10) | 1.5 (0–6) | 0.11 |
| Presenting feature | |||
| Medical admission | 25 (52.1) | 59 (61.5) | 0.37 |
| Surgical admission | 18 (37.5) | 30 (31.3) | 0.28 |
| Trauma admission | 5 (10.4) | 11 (11.5) | 0.92 |
| SAPS II score, median (IQR) | 44 (36–56) | 46 (36–57) | 0.56 |
| SOFA score at infection, median (IQR) | 9 (7–11) | 8 (6–10) | 0.33 |
| Septic shock on occurrence of infection | 36 (75) | 43 (44.8) | <0.01 |
| ARDS on occurrence of infection | 18 (37.5) | 23 (23.9) | 0.13 |
| CRRT on occurrence of infection | 20 (41.7) | 26 (27.1) | 0.13 |
| PCT on occurrence of infection (ng/ml), median (interval) | 6.1 (3.2–50.4) | 3.1 (0.8–5.9) | <0.01 |
| Type of infection | |||
| Pneumonia | 25 (52.1) | 49 (51) | 0.95 |
| IAI | 9 (18.7) | 10 (10.4) | 0.19 |
| SSTI | 1 (2.1) | 11 (11.5) | 0.06 |
| UTI | 3 (6.2) | 9 (9.3) | 0.75 |
| CVC BSI | 8 (16.7) | 10 (10.4) | 0.42 |
| Primary BSI | 6 (12.5) | 10 (10.4) | 0.92 |
| Secondary BSI | 23 (47.9) | 26 (27.1) | 0.02 |
| Multiple site infection | 4 (8.2) | 3 (3.1) | 0.54 |
| Therapeutic aspects | |||
| IIAT | 13 (27.1) | 40 (41.7) | 0.16 |
| Overall duration of treatment (days), median (interval) | 17 (11.5–25.5) | 11.5 (7.5–15.5) | <0.01 |
| Clinical and microbiological outcome | |||
| 28-day mortality | 14 (29.2) | 46 (47.9) | 0.04 |
| 90-day mortality | 24 (50) | 58 (60.4) | 0.31 |
| Clinical cure | 30 (62.5) | 47 (48.9) | 0.17 |
| Microbiological eradicationa | 22 (50) | 31 (38.3) | 0.27 |
| Duration of MV after infection (days), median (interval) | 14 (7.5–31) | 11.5 (7–19) | 0.16 |
| Duration of vasopressors after infection (days), median (interval) | 10.5 (3.5–27.5) | 8 (4.5–12) | 0.19 |
Data presented as N (%), unless otherwise indicated. Bold data are significant
IQR interquartile range, KPC Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase, Kp Klebsiella pneumoniae, DC double carbapenem, ST standard treatment, SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, ICU intensive care unit, MV mechanical ventilation, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy, PCT procalcitonin, CHF chronic heart failure, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CRF chronic renal failure, CLD chronic liver disease, IAI intra-abdominal infection, SSTI skin and soft tissue infection, UTI urinary tract infection, CVC central vascular catheter, BSI bloodstream infection, IIAT initial inappropriate antimicrobial therapy
aMicrobiological outcome was analyzed in 125 patients: 44 patients (DC group) and 81 patients (ST group)