Table 3.
Univariate analysis of factors associated with 28-day mortality
| Variable | Number (%) of patients | Univariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alive (n = 84) | Deceased (n = 60) | p value | OR (95% CI) | |
| Demographics and comorbidities | ||||
| Age (years) | 57.7 ± 15 | 61.7 ± 10 | 0.08 | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) |
| Males | 58 (69.1) | 35 (58.3) | 0.19 | 0.63 (0.31–1.25) |
| CHF | 24 (28.6) | 21 (35) | 0.41 | 1.34 (0.66–2.74) |
| COPD | 14 (16.7) | 9 (15) | 0.79 | 0.88 (0.35–2.2) |
| CRF | 8 (9.5) | 7 (11.7) | 0.68 | 1.25 (0.43–3.67) |
| Diabetes | 25 (29.8) | 23 (38.3) | 0.28 | 1.47 (0.73–2.95) |
| CLD | 8 (9.5) | 10 (16.7) | 0.21 | 1.9 (0.7–5.14) |
| Neoplasm | 7 (8.3) | 7 (11.7) | 0.51 | 1.48 (0.48–4.38) |
| Immunosuppressive status | 27 (32.1) | 18 (30) | 0.78 | 0.9 (0.44–1.85) |
| ICU stay before infection (days), median (IQR) | 8.5 (1–21) | 8 (1–23) | 0.69 | 1 (0.98–1.01) |
| Duration of MV before infection (days), median (IQR) | 6 (1–13.5) | 5.5 (0.5–15) | 0.79 | 1.01 (0.98–1.03) |
| Duration of vasopressors before infection (days), median (IQR) | 2 (0–7.5) | 2 (0–7) | 0.68 | 0.99 (0.97–1.02) |
| Presenting features, type of infection, and therapy | ||||
| Medical admission | 45 (53.6) | 39 (65) | 0.17 | 1.61 (0.81–3.18) |
| Surgical admission | 29 (34.5) | 15 (25) | 0.22 | 0.63 (0.3–1.32) |
| Trauma admission | 10 (11.9) | 6 (10) | 0.72 | 0.82 (0.28–2.4) |
| SAPS II score, median (IQR) | 39 (34–50) | 55 (45.5–63) | <0.01 | 1.07 (1.04–1.08) |
| SOFA score on occurrence of infection, median (IQR) | 8 (5–9) | 9 (8–11) | <0.01 | 1.36 (1.17–1.57) |
| SS on occurrence of infection | 42 (50) | 37 (61.7) | 0.17 | 1.6 (0.82–3.16) |
| ARDS on occurrence of infection | 21 (25) | 20 (33.3) | 0.28 | 1.5 (0.72–3.11) |
| CRRT on occurrence of infection | 22 (26.2) | 24 (40) | 0.08 | 1.88 (0.92–3.82) |
| PCT on occurrence of infection (ng/ml), median (interval) | 3.4 (0.71–7.5) | 4.3 (2.3–8.6) | 0.43 | 1 (0.99–1.01) |
| Type of infection and therapy | ||||
| Pneumonia | 41 (48.8) | 33 (55) | 0.46 | 1.28 (0.66–2.49) |
| IAI | 14 (16.7) | 5 (8.3) | 0.15 | 0.45 (0.15–1.34) |
| SSTI | 8 (9.5) | 4 (6.7) | 0.55 | 0.67 (0.19–2.37) |
| UTI | 6 (7.1) | 6 (10) | 0.54 | 1.44 (0.44–4.72) |
| CVC BSI | 11 (13.1) | 7 (11.7) | 0.8 | 0.88 (0.32–2.41) |
| Primary BSI | 9 (10.7) | 7 (11.7) | 0.86 | 1.1 (0.39–3.14) |
| Secondary BSI | 30 (35.7) | 19 (31.7) | 0.61 | 0.83 (0.41–1.69) |
| Polymicrobial infection | 8 (9.5) | 15 (25) | 0.01 | 3.17 (1.25–8.06) |
| Double carbapenem therapy | 34 (40.5) | 14 (23.3) | 0.03 | 0.45 (0.21–0.94) |
| IIAT | 26 (30.9) | 27 (45) | 0.08 | 1.82 (0.92–3.63) |
| Combination targeted therapy | 48 (57.1) | 39 (65) | 0.34 | 1.39 (0.7–2.76) |
| Duration of active treatment (days), median (IQR) | 14 (8–18.5) | 10 (8–14.5 | 0.13 | 0.96 (0.93–1.01) |
Data presented as N (%), unless otherwise indicated. Bold data are significant
OR odds ratio, IQR interquartile range, SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, ICU intensive care unit, MV mechanical ventilation, SS septic shock, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy, PCT procalcitonin, CHF chronic heart failure, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CRF chronic renal failure, CLD chronic liver disease, IAI intra-abdominal infection, SSTI skin and soft tissue infection, UTI urinary tract infection, CVC central vascular catheter, BSI bloodstream infection, IIAT initial inappropriate antimicrobial therapy