Table 2.
Mean values and standard deviation of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr) bioaccumulation factor (BAF) (metals concentration ratio of water-root; water-rhizome; water-belowground parts, roots + rhizome; and water-shoot) in P. australis.
| Metals | Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | ||
| Cu | Water-root | 0.001 ± 0.000 | 0.007 ± 0.005 | 0.007 ± 0.003 | 0.015 ± 0.011 |
| Water-rhizome | 0.035 ± 0.169a | 0.043 ± 0.038a | 0.047 ± 0.020a | 0.006 ± 0.004b | |
| Water-belowground parts | 0.036 ± 0.175 | 0.050 ± 0.044 | 0.054 ± 0.023 | 0.022 ± 0.015 | |
| Water-shoot | 0.004 ± 0.001 | 0.005 ± 0.007 | 0.004 ± 0.002 | 0.003 ± 0.002 | |
| Zn | Water-root | 0.006 ± 0.007a | 0.001 ± 0.001b | 0.001 ± 0.001b | 0.005 ± 0.001ab |
| Water-rhizome | 0.005 ± 0.002 | 0.005 ± 0.004 | 0.004 ± 0.002 | 0.003 ± 0.000 | |
| Water-belowground parts | 0.011 ± 0.006a | 0.007 ± 0.005b | 0.005 ± 0.003ab | 0.008 ± 0.0023b | |
| Water-shoot | 0.003 ± 0.002 | 0.001 ± 0.001 | 0.001 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.000 | |
| Pb | Water-root | 0.003 ± 0.001 | 0.006 ± 0.003 | 0.001 ± 0.000 | 0.010 ± 0.005 |
| Water-rhizome | 0.007 ± 0.003a | 0.016 ± 0.011b | 0.012 ± 0.004b | 0.001 ± 0.000c | |
| Water-belowground parts | 0.013 ± 0.003 | 0.011 ± 0.001 | 0.010 ± 0.000 | 0.011 ± 0.001 | |
| Water-shoot | 0.001 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.000 | |
| Cr | Water-root | 0.046 ± 0.014a | 0.010 ± 0.004b | 0.004 ± 0.001b | 0.045 ± 0.007ab |
| Water-rhizome | 0.037 ± 0.009a | 0.007 ± 0.007b | 0.009 ± 0.002ac | 0.045 ± 0.009abc | |
| Water-belowground parts | 0.083 ± 0.023a | 0.017 ± 0.010b | 0.013 ± 0.004b | 0.091 ± 0.014ab | |
| Water-shoot | 0.004 ± 0.001 | 0.001 ± 0.001 | 0.001 ± 0.000 | 0.004 ± 0.002 |
Values are the means of six replicates ± standard deviation. Significant difference between seasons (within the same tissue) is showed by small letter.