. 2017 Jun 24;10(6):679–687. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.679-687

Table-5.

Blood levels of TNFa and IL4 in apparently healthy and strongylus infected donkeys (ng/ml).

Animals	S. vulgaris (large spp.)			Cyathostomins spp. (small spp.)

	TNF-α	IL-4	TNF-α/IL-4 balance	TNF-α	IL-4	TNF-α/IL-4 balance
Apparently healthy 0-49 EPG	9.354±0.227	8.184±0.409	TNF-α≈IL-4	9.134±0.134	9.648±0.210	TNF-α ≈ IL-4
Low shedder 50-99 EPG	12.292±0.384	11.156±0.470	TNF-α≈IL-4	9.788^a±0.276	13.168^a±0.352	TNF-α<IL-4
Moderate shedder 100-200 EPG	14.742^a±0.491	18.746^a±0.237	TNF-α<IL-4	15.790^*^a±0.138	18.324^*^a±0.299	TNF-α<IL-4
High shedder>200 EPG	11.698±0.444	10.636±0.308	TNF-α≈IL-4	15.500^*^a±0.407	19.800^**^a±0.271	TNF-α<IL-4

^{*, **}

values were differed significantly from the value apparently healthy at p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively. In the same group, values with (a) within the same spp. are significantly different at p<0.05. TNF-α=Tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-4=Interleukin-4, and EPG=Eggs per gram