Fig. 4.

Expression levels are associated with segmental duplications in the 5 species. a Expression level analysis in P. xylostella. Different developmental stages (from egg to adult) are listed. The expression level for the genes located in SDs is marked as red while the expression level for the genes outside SDs is marked as black. b Expression level analysis in M. sexta. Different tissues and developmental stages used in the analysis are listed. The expression level for the genes located in SDs is marked as green while the expression level for the genes outside SDs is marked as black. c Expression level analysis in silk gland of B. mori. Different strains were analyzed including domesticated strain Chunhua (D_CH), domesticated strain Chunyu (D_CY), wild silkworm Ankang from Baihe county of Shanxi Province (W_AKBH) and wild silkworm Ankang from Shiquan county of Shanxi Province (W_AKSQ). d Methylation level comparison between genes within and without SDs regions based on silkworm data