Appendix 1.

Description of different management conditions at the study site.

Management condition	Description of site
Longleaf pine (reference)	Longleaf pine trees greater than 30 yr in age with low degree of disturbance and management
Clear cut, debris left	All trees removed recently, woody debris remain at site
Clear cut, residues removed	All trees removed recently, no woody debris remain at site
Unthinned, managed	12–15 yr of growth for slash or loblolly pine, no trees selectively removed during growth
Thinned, managed	12–15 yr of growth for slash or loblolly pine, trees selectively removed during growth
Young, managed	Slash or loblolly pine stand 8–12 yr in age
Old, managed	Slash or loblolly stand more than 15 yr in age