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. 2017 Jul 6;7:4826. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05278-0

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Chronological alterations in biochemical and physiological status during systemic chemotherapy in patients with GI cancer. (Upper line) Box plots are used to represent the biochemical (serum CRP and CEA levels) and physiological status (skeletal muscle mass and lean body mass) of GI patients who received FO-enriched nutrition during systemic chemotherapy. Serum CRP levels were not significantly changed in the FO-enriched nutrition group of patients with GI cancer (p = 0.26), and there was a significant improvement in the skeletal muscle mass and lean body mass of this group (p = 0.0002 and p < 0.0001, respectively). (Lower line) Box plots are used to represent the biochemical (serum CRP and CEA levels) and physiological status (skeletal muscle mass and lean body mass) of GI cancer patients not receiving FO-enriched nutrition during systemic chemotherapy. Serum CRP levels significantly increased (p = 0.049) along with serum CEA levels (p = 0.06). There were no significant differences in skeletal muscle mass or lean body mass (p = 0.26 and p = 0.19, respectively). Statistical analysis was performed using Friedman tests. All statistical tests were two-sided. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.