Table 3.
Clinical trials evaluating multimodal locoregional therapies
| Author | Year | Enrollment and inclusion criteria | Treatment | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azab et al102 | 2011 | 90 patients BCLC stage 0-A HCC |
RFA + percutaneous ethanol injection versus RFA monotherapy | RFA + PEI associated with improved survival at 18 months for lesions sized 3.1–5.0 cm (p=0.03) |
| Peng et al103 | 2013 | 189 patients Single HCC <7 cm or three lesions each <3 cm Child–Turcotte–Pugh A or B cirrhosis |
RFA + TACE versus RFA monotherapy |
RFA + TACE associated with improved overall survival (p=0.002) and recurrence-free survival (p=0.009) at 3 years |
| Bian et al104 | 2014 | 127 patients BCLC stage 0-B HCC |
RFA + radioconjugated [I131]metuximab versus RFA monotherapy |
Radiolabeled metuximab co-therapy with RFA associated with longer recurrence-free survival (p=0.03) |
| Chen et al105 | 2014 | 167 patients BCLC stage 0-A HCC |
RFA + iodine125 radiation seeds versus RFA monotherapy |
RFA + iodine125 associated with reduced recurrence at 5 years (p=0.004) and improved 5-year overall survival (p=0.003) |
| Liu et al106 | 2016 | 200 patients BCLC Stage 0-A HCC |
RFA + TACE versus hepatectomy | Hepatectomy associated with improved 5-year overall survival (p=0.007) and recurrence-free survival (p=0.026), though surgery associated with higher complication rate (p=0.026) |
Abbreviations: BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; PEI, percutaneous ethanol injection; PVE, portal vein embolization; RFA, radiofrequency ablation; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization.